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<p>It's common for me to deal with data that can be either an array or an empty variable, and feed that data to some <code>foreach</code>. </p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false;">$values ??= get_values(); foreach ($values ??as $value){ ... }</pre> <p>When you provide foreach with data that is not an array, you will receive a warning: </p> <blockquote> <p>Warning: Invalid argument supplied in foreach() in [...]</p> </blockquote> <p>Assuming that the <code>get_values()</code> function cannot be refactored to always return an array (backward compatibility, unavailable source code, or any other reason), I would like to know how to avoid these warnings What is the cleanest and most efficient way: </p> <ul> <li>Convert <code>$values</code> to an array</li> <li>Initialize <code>$values</code> to an array</li> <li>Wrap <code>foreach</code></li> in <code>if</code> <li>Other (please provide suggestions)</li> </ul><p><br /></p>

foreach ((array) $items as $item) {
 // ...
 }

if (is_array($values) || is_object($values))
{
    foreach ($values as $value)
    {
        ...
    }
}