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Article Introduction：Proxy and Reflect API are powerful tools used in JavaScript to intercept and customize object operations; 1. Proxy blocks operations such as get, set by wrapping target objects and defining "traps", and implements functions such as logs, verification, read-only control; 2. Reflect provides methods corresponding to Proxy traps to ensure the consistency and correctness of default behaviors and improve code maintainability; 3. Practical applications include Vue3 responsive system, data verification, debug logs, immutable objects and API simulation; 4. Pay attention to performance overhead, complex behavior of built-in objects, this binding problems, and nested objects need to be recursively proxyed; 5. Reasonable use can build efficient, debugable, and reactive

2025-07-26 comment 0  380

Article Introduction：The Internet is full of various articles of "X PHP code snippets", so why do you need to write another article? The reason is simple: most of the code snippets in the article are lackluster. Generating a random string or returning $_SERVER["REMOTE_ADDR"] to get fragments like client IP addresses are really lacking in fun and practicality. This article will share five practical and interesting snippets of PHP code and introduce the inspiration behind them. Hopefully these creative code snippets will inspire you to write better and more creative code in your daily programming. Key Points This article introduces five practical PHP code snippets, including using the built-in fputcsv() function to generate CSV data and make

2025-02-26 comment 0  447

Article Introduction：Writing good code and annotations can improve project maintainability and professionalism. 1.CleanCode emphasizes clear naming, single responsibilities and structures, so that it is easy for others to understand; 2. Comments should explain "why" rather than duplicate code functions; 3. PHP comments should cover class descriptions, method parameters, and key logical backgrounds; 4. Practical suggestions include using meaningful variable names, unified annotation style, and using tool specifications.

2025-07-18 comment 0  890

Article Introduction：WordPress's WP_Error class: elegant error handling mechanism WordPress's WP_Error class provides a simple and powerful error handling mechanism for managing and modifying errors in applications. It is easy to integrate into your application, effectively handles errors returned by WordPress core functions, and creates custom error messages to improve the user experience. In addition, practical functions such as is_wp_error can check whether the variable or function return value is a WP_Error instance, thereby debugging problems efficiently. No matter how skillful and meticulous your code is written, errors cannot be avoided in any development process. As WordPress

2025-02-17 comment 0  423

Article Introduction：Lock-Free data structures enable thread safety through atomic operations and CAS, rather than traditional blocking locks. Its core lies in lock-free but orderly, relies on CPU instructions such as CAS and FAA, and is implemented using Java's atomic package class, which is suitable for high concurrency scenarios such as queues, counters, etc. When implementing, you need to pay attention to ABA issues, memory order, loop retry overhead and debugging difficulty. Practical steps include familiarizing yourself with atomic classes, learning CAS principles, reading open source code, small-scale experiments and multi-test verification.

2025-07-17 comment 0  962

Article Introduction：PHP Custom Annotations: Enhanced Code Flexibility and Scalability This article discusses how to create and use custom annotations in Symfony 3 applications. Annotations are the document block metadata/configuration we see above classes, methods and properties. They are often used to declare controller routing (@Route()), Doctrine ORM mapping (@ORM()), or control Rauth and other packages. Types and methods of access. This article will explain how to customize annotations and read class or method information without loading the class. Key points: PHP custom annotations can be used to add metadata to your code, affecting your code behavior, making it more flexible and easier to adapt. They can be used to define routing information, specify verification rules, or configure dependency injection.

2025-02-15 comment 0  1048

Article Introduction：Polymorphism is a core concept in Python object-oriented programming, referring to "one interface, multiple implementations", allowing for unified processing of different types of objects. 1. Polymorphism is implemented through method rewriting. Subclasses can redefine parent class methods. For example, the spoke() method of Animal class has different implementations in Dog and Cat subclasses. 2. The practical uses of polymorphism include simplifying the code structure and enhancing scalability, such as calling the draw() method uniformly in the graphical drawing program, or handling the common behavior of different characters in game development. 3. Python implementation polymorphism needs to satisfy: the parent class defines a method, and the child class overrides the method, but does not require inheritance of the same parent class. As long as the object implements the same method, this is called the "duck type". 4. Things to note include the maintenance

2025-07-05 comment 0  470

Article Introduction：FastAPI's dependency injection can be used in authentication, database connection, configuration loading and other scenarios. 1. Simple dependencies can verify query parameters through functions, such as token verification; 2. Class dependencies combine yield to realize the creation of database connections and automatic cleaning after the request is completed; 3. Nested dependencies support calling other dependencies in dependencies, such as verification request headers within authentication dependencies; 4. Use Annotated syntax to clearly encapsulate duplicate parameters to improve code readability; 5. Global dependencies can be set for the entire application or routing group through dependencies to achieve unified verification. This mechanism helps decouple logic, improve reusability and testing convenience, and is the key to building clear structure applications.

2025-07-26 comment 0  979

Article Introduction：There are two main methods for request verification in Laravel: controller verification and form request classes. 1. The validate() method in the controller is suitable for simple scenarios, directly passing in rules and automatically returning errors; 2. The FormRequest class is suitable for complex or reusable scenarios, creating classes through Artisan and defining rules in rules() to achieve code decoupling and reusing; 3. The error prompts can be customized through messages() to improve user experience; 4. Defining field alias through attributes() to make the error message more friendly; the two methods have their advantages and disadvantages, and the appropriate solution should be selected according to project needs.

2025-07-16 comment 0  844

Article Introduction：The problem of controller bloat can be solved by separating responsibilities: 1. Use FormRequests to extract the verification logic; 2. Move complex business logic to the Service class for processing; 3. Centrally manage the data access layer through Repository mode; 4. Use middleware to process pre-logic logic such as permissions and current limits; 5. Reasonably split the resource controller and hand it over to Blade or front-end components to process view logic. This keeps the controller simple and improves code maintainability and structural clarity.

2025-07-24 comment 0  937

Article Introduction：Writing PHP block comments should be standardized and practical, and is suitable for instructions on large segments of structured code such as functions, classes, and file headers. 1. Usage scenarios include function description, class design intention, complex logical process, copyright information, etc.; 2. The standard format adopts /.../ package, follows the PSR-5 standard, summarizes the first line in one sentence, explains in detail after emptying the line, and uses @param, @return, @throws and other tags to explain the parameters and return values; 3. Practical suggestions include keeping the content concise, aligning and beautiful, avoiding redundancy, and regularly maintaining the consistency of annotations; 4. Common misunderstandings such as inconsistent annotations and code, ignoring the use of tags, and verbose content, you should use the IDE to automatically generate templates to improve efficiency. Standardized block annotations help improve code readability and teamwork

2025-07-15 comment 0  893

Article Introduction：For beginners who are just starting to learn C, it is recommended to start with simple but challenging projects to consolidate skills and demonstrate abilities. 1. Simple calculator: implements basic functions such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, and can advanced support for bracket analysis, floating point number calculation and error processing, and try to separate logic and interaction to improve the code structure; 2. File management or text processing tools: such as counting the number of characters and words in text, implementing the search and replacement function, and be familiar with file flow and STL containers; 3. Simple database or student management system: Practice object-oriented programming, use class encapsulation information, realize the addition, deletion, modification and search of data, and try to simulate table connection; 4. Mini game development: such as guessing numbers, tic toe, Tetris, etc., exercise logical thinking and state management capabilities, and frequently use loops, judgments and data

2025-07-09 comment 0  351

Article Introduction：The Reflection API in PHP allows you to check and manipulate code at runtime. 1) It implements reflection function through classes such as ReflectionClass. 2) The working principle of the reflection API depends on the Zend engine. 3) The basic usage includes checking the class structure. 4) Advanced usage can implement dependency injection containers. 5) Common errors need to be handled through try-catch. 6) Performance optimization suggestions include cache reflection results and avoiding unnecessary reflections.

2025-04-04 comment 0  622

Article Introduction：Custom exceptions are implemented in Python by inheriting the Exception class or its subclasses, which are used to improve code readability and targeted error handling. When built-in exceptions cannot meet specific business needs, for example, you need to distinguish between multiple user input error scenarios, you can create different exception types such as InvalidEmailError and PasswordTooShortError. The creation method is simple. You only need to define a new class. You can also add initialization parameters such as message and error_code to provide more information to assist in debugging. Suitable scenarios for using custom exceptions include modular projects, business rule verification, and third-party library development, such as the data parsing module that defines ParseError

2025-06-26 comment 0  415

Article Introduction：The Builder pattern is a creative design pattern used to build complex objects in steps. It separates the object's construction process from its representation, making the code clearer and easier to expand. 1. Suitable for scenarios where the class has multiple optional fields, too many constructor parameters, and requires flexible control of the construction process; 2. It can be manually implemented by defining internal static classes, using chain calls to set parameters and calling the build() method to generate objects; 3. Lombok provides @Builder annotation to automatically generate Builder code to improve development efficiency; 4. It is recommended to use it when there are more than 4 parameters, default values ??or verification logic, and hope to improve readability, but simple objects do not need to be used.

2025-07-04 comment 0  867

Article Introduction：To start C unit testing with GoogleTest, you must first correctly install and configure the framework, then write a simple test case verification function, and finally organize the tests through the test fixture to improve maintainability. The specific steps include: 1. Select the installation method according to the operating system, such as Linux using package manager and CMake project to obtain from GitHub, Windows can be compiled with extensions or source code; 2. Write test cases, use TEST macro to define test cases and use EXPECT_EQ to assert; 3. Use the test fixture class to inherit::testing::Test and initialize resources in the SetUp method, and reuse the environment through TEST_F; 4. Reasonably organize the test file structure, and it is recommended to

2025-07-01 comment 0  250

Article Introduction：To solve the "death pyramid" problem caused by nested if statements in PHP, the following five reconstruction methods should be adopted: 1. Use early return (guardclauses) to flatten the condition check to avoid deep nesting; 2. Extract complex conditions into a private method with clear names to improve readability and reusability; 3. Use verification objects or middleware mode for complex processes to achieve composable and extensible verification logic; 4. Use ternary or empty merge operators only in simple scenarios to avoid nested ternary expressions; 5. Use exceptions to replace error string return, handle errors in a centralized manner, and keep the core logic pure. The ultimate goal is to make the code safer, easier to test, and easier to maintain through rapid failure, logical separation and appropriate design patterns.

2025-08-01 comment 0  681

Article Introduction：There are two main methods for comparing two dates in PHP: 1. Use the DateTime class for comparison, which is suitable for handling complex date logic, supports direct use of comparison operators, and the code is clear and not prone to errors; 2. Use the strtotime() function to convert dates to timestamps and compare them, which is suitable for simple scenarios but pay attention to format limitations. In addition, the time zone and date formats are also required, and the null value processing is done to ensure that the comparison results are accurate and reliable.

2025-07-05 comment 0  369

Article Introduction：Interfaces are used in PHP to define contracts that classes must follow, specifying methods that classes must implement, but do not provide specific implementations. This ensures consistency between different classes and facilitates modular, loosely coupled code. 1. The interface is similar to a blueprint, which specifies what methods should be used for a class but does not involve internal logic. 2. The class that implements the interface must contain all methods in the interface, otherwise an error will be reported. 3. Interfaces facilitate structural consistency, decoupling, testability and team collaboration across unrelated classes. 4. Using an interface is divided into two steps: first define it and then implement it in the class. 5. Classes can implement multiple interfaces at the same time. 6. The interface can have constants but not attributes. PHP7.4 supports type attributes but is not declared in the interface. PHP8.0 supports named parameters to improve readability.

2025-06-23 comment 0  290

Article Introduction：Yes, the switch statement in PHP itself is not a code smell, but when it is repeated in multiple files, contains too many branches, is tightly coupled with business logic, violates the principle of single responsibility, or makes judgments based on object types, it becomes an anti-pattern; 1. Use policy mode processing factory: define processing interfaces and concrete classes, map types to processors through factory mapping, add new types only requires registration and no modification of existing code; 2. Use class-based distribution (polymorphism): let the object itself determine behavior, implement concrete logic by inheriting abstract classes, and directly execute methods when calling without switching; 3. Use closure mapping (suitable for simple scenarios): Use associative arrays to store the mapping of type to closures, avoid branch structure but are less testable; 4. PHP8 can be used

2025-08-02 comment 0  234