Writing good code and annotations can improve project maintainability and professionalism. 1. Clean Code emphasizes clear naming, single responsibilities and structures, so that it is easy for others to understand; 2. Comments should explain "why" rather than duplicate code functions; 3. PHP comments should cover class descriptions, method parameters, and key logical backgrounds; 4. Practical suggestions include using meaningful variable names, unified annotation style, and using tool specifications.
Writing good code and comments is actually the most overlooked in programmers' daily life, but it can best reflect professionalism. Especially in PHP, a language with flexible syntax and slightly heavy historical burden, clean code structure and clear annotations often determine whether the project can be maintained for a long time.
Why is Clean Code as important as comments?
Many people think that as long as the function works, the code can be written anyway. But the reality is that most projects are not changed by one person after finishing writing them. The code you write may be taken over by someone else in a few months, and you may even look confused when you look back.
The core of Clean Code is not to show off skills, but to make others read smoothly . The variables are named clearly, the function responsibilities are single, and the logical structure is clear. These details add up to the difference in maintenance costs.
The purpose of annotation is not to repeat what the code does, but to explain " why it is written like this ". For example, if you do not write comments, others may only rely on debugging to know what pitfalls are being prevented by that if.
How to write a good PHP comment?
PHP's annotation style is actually quite free, but the truly useful annotations are generally focused on the following aspects:
- Class annotation : Explain the overall function of this class, and whether it depends on which services or configurations
- Method comment (DocBlock) : Parameter type, return value, throw exception, etc. must be written clearly
- Key logic comments : For example, why does an algorithm use a specific formula or a background of a bottom-up logic
For example, the following comment is very practical:
/**
* Process user points update logic*
* Note: Point changes require logging and triggering notification events* If the user is in a frozen state, updates will be skipped*
* @param int $userId User ID
* @param int $points The number of points increased* @return bool Success*/
public function updatePoints(int $userId, int $points): bool
{
// ...
}Such annotations not only describe the function of the method, but also mention precautions and business rules, which are very helpful for subsequent maintenance.
Practical advice: Start with habits
To write cleaner code and comments, you don’t need to pursue perfection from the beginning. You can start with a few small habits:
- ? Give variables meaningful names, such as
$orderStatusinstead of$os - ? Each function only does one thing, so the comments are easier to write clearly
- ? Think more about it when writing comments: "When I saw this code half a year later, would I want to scold people?"
- ? Use the DocBlock format supported by the IDE to facilitate automatic completion and prompts
- ? Avoid meaningless comments, such as
// 設(shè)置名稱immediately following$this->name = $name;
In addition, it is best to unify the annotation style in team collaboration, which can be standardized with the help of PHP_CodeSniffer or Rector tools.
Basically that's it. Clean Code is not metaphysics, and comments are not just decorations. Adhere to these small practices in PHP projects. Over time, you will find that your code is becoming more and more "sighted" and it is not that difficult for others to read.
The above is the detailed content of Clean Code and PHP Comments. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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