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描述

創(chuàng)建網絡

用法

docker network create [OPTIONS] NETWORK

選項

名稱,簡寫

默認

描述

--attachable

false

啟用手動容器附件

--aux地址

map[]

網絡驅動程序使用的輔助IPv4或IPv6地址

--config-from


從中復制配置的網絡

--config-only

false

創(chuàng)建一個僅配置網絡

--driver,-d

bridge

驅動程序來管理網絡

--gateway


主子網的IPv4或IPv6網關

--ingress

false

創(chuàng)建群體路由網狀網絡

--internal

false

限制對網絡的外部訪問

--ip-range


從子范圍分配容器IP

--ipam-driver

default

IP地址管理驅動程序

--ipam-opt

map[]

設置IPAM驅動程序特定選項

--ipv6

false

啟用IPv6網絡

--label


在網絡上設置元數(shù)據

--opt, -o

map[]

設置驅動程序特定選項

--scope


控制網絡的范圍

--subnet


表示網段的CIDR格式的子網

父命令

命令

描述

docker網絡

管理網絡

相關命令

命令

描述

docker network connect

將容器連接到網絡

docker network create

創(chuàng)建一個網絡

docker network disconnect

從網絡斷開容器

docker network inspect

顯示一個或多個網絡的詳細信息

docker network ls

列出網絡

docker network prune

刪除所有未使用的網絡

docker network rm

刪除一個或多個網絡

擴展描述

創(chuàng)建一個新的網絡。在DRIVER接受bridge或者overlay它們是內置的網絡驅動程序。如果您已經安裝了第三方或您自己的自定義網絡驅動程序,您也可以DRIVER在此處指定。如果您不指定該--driver選項,該命令將自動bridge為您創(chuàng)建一個網絡。當您安裝Docker Engine時,它會bridge自動創(chuàng)建一個網絡。該網絡對應于docker0引擎?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)依賴的橋梁。當你啟動一個新的容器時,docker run它會自動連接到這個網橋。您無法刪除此默認橋接網絡,但可以使用該network create命令創(chuàng)建新橋接網絡。

$ docker network create -d bridge my-bridge-network

橋接網絡是單個引擎安裝中的隔離網絡。如果您想創(chuàng)建一個跨多個運行引擎的多個Docker主機的overlay網絡,則必須創(chuàng)建一個網絡。與bridge網絡不同,覆蓋網絡在創(chuàng)建之前需要一些預先存在的條件。這些條件是:

  • 訪問鍵值存儲。引擎支持Consul,Etcd和ZooKeeper(分布式存儲)鍵值存儲。

  • 連接到鍵值存儲的主機集群。

  • daemon集群中每臺主機上配置正確的引擎。

dockerd支持overlay網絡的選項有:

  • --cluster-store

  • --cluster-store-opt

  • --cluster-advertise

要詳細了解這些選項以及如何配置它們,請參閱“ 多主機網絡入門 ”。

雖然不是必需的,但安裝Docker Swarm來管理組成網絡的集群是一個不錯的主意。Swarm提供了復雜的發(fā)現(xiàn)和服務器管理工具,可以幫助您實施。

準備好overlay網絡先決條件后,只需在集群中選擇Docker主機并發(fā)出以下命令即可創(chuàng)建網絡:

$ docker network create -d overlay my-multihost-network

網絡名稱必須是唯一的。Docker守護進程嘗試識別命名沖突,但不能保證。避免名稱沖突是用戶的責任。

實例

連接容器

當您啟動容器時,請使用--network標志將其連接到網絡。本例將busybox容器添加到mynet網絡中:

$ docker run -itd --network=mynet busybox

如果要在容器已經運行后將容器添加到網絡,請使用docker network connect子命令。

您可以將多個容器連接到同一個網絡。連接后,容器只能使用另一個容器的IP地址或名稱進行通信。對于overlay支持多主機連接的網絡或自定義插件,連接到相同多主機網絡但從不同引擎啟動的容器也可以通過這種方式進行通信。

您可以使用該docker network disconnect命令從網絡斷開容器。

指定高級選項

在創(chuàng)建網絡時,Engine默認會為網絡創(chuàng)建一個不重疊的子網。這個子網不是現(xiàn)有網絡的細分。這純粹是為了ip地址的目的。您可以覆蓋此默認值并直接使用--subnet選項指定子網值。在bridge網絡上,您只能創(chuàng)建一個子網:

$ docker network create --driver=bridge --subnet=192.168.0.0/16 br0

另外,您還可以指定--gateway --ip-range--aux-address選項。

$ docker network create \  --driver=bridge \  --subnet=172.28.0.0/16 \  --ip-range=172.28.5.0/24 \  --gateway=172.28.5.254 \
  br0

如果您省略--gateway標志,引擎會從首選池中為您選擇一個。對于overlay網絡和支持它的網絡驅動程序插件,您可以創(chuàng)建多個子網。

$ docker network create -d overlay \  --subnet=192.168.0.0/16 \  --subnet=192.170.0.0/16 \  --gateway=192.168.0.100 \  --gateway=192.170.0.100 \  --ip-range=192.168.1.0/24 \  --aux-address="my-router=192.168.1.5" --aux-address="my-switch=192.168.1.6" \  --aux-address="my-printer=192.170.1.5" --aux-address="my-nas=192.170.1.6" \
  my-multihost-network

確保你的子網不重疊。如果他們這樣做,網絡創(chuàng)建失敗,引擎返回錯誤。

橋接司機選項

在創(chuàng)建自定義網絡時,默認網絡驅動程序(即bridge)具有可以傳遞的其他選項。以下是用于docker0橋的那些選項和等效的docker守護進程標志:

選項

當量

描述

com.docker.network.bridge.name

-

在創(chuàng)建Linux橋時要使用的橋名稱

com.docker.network.bridge.enable_ip_masquerade

--ip-masq

啟用IP偽裝

com.docker.network.bridge.enable_icc

--icc

啟用或禁用集裝箱間連接

com.docker.network.bridge.host_binding_ipv4

--ip

綁定容器端口時的默認IP

com.docker.network.driver.mtu

--mtu

設置容器網絡MTU

以下參數(shù)可以傳遞給docker network create任何網絡驅動程序,同樣也可以傳遞給它們的近似等價物docker daemon。

論據

當量

描述

--gateway

-

主子網的IPv4或IPv6網關

--ip范圍

--fixed,CIDR

從一個范圍分配IP

- 內部

-

限制對網絡的外部訪問

--ipv6

--ipv6

啟用IPv6網絡

--subnet

--bip

網絡子網

例如,讓我們使用-o--opt在發(fā)布端口時指定IP地址綁定的選項:

$ docker network create \    -o "com.docker.network.bridge.host_binding_ipv4"="172.19.0.1" \
    simple-network

網絡內部模式

默認情況下,當您將容器連接到overlay網絡時,Docker也會將橋接網絡連接到它以提供外部連接。如果您想創(chuàng)建一個外部隔離的overlay網絡,您可以指定該--internal選項。

網絡入口模式

您可以創(chuàng)建將用于在群集中提供路由網格的網絡。您可以通過--ingress在創(chuàng)建網絡時指定。當時只能創(chuàng)建一個入口網絡。只有在沒有服務依賴它的情況下才能刪除網絡。除了--attachable選項之外,創(chuàng)建入口網絡時創(chuàng)建覆蓋網絡時可用的任何選項也可用。

$ docker network create -d overlay \  --subnet=10.11.0.0/16 \  --ingress \  --opt com.docker.network.mtu=9216 \  --opt encrypted=true \
  my-ingress-network
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