EmplicTree? ???? XML ??? ?? ?? ?????. 1. et.parse ()? ???? ??? ??? et.fromstring ()? ???? ???? ?? ?????. 2. .find ()? ???? ? ?? ???? ?? ?? ? .findall ()? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????. 3. find ()? ???? ????? ?? findtext ()? ???? ???? ??????. 4. ??? ? ??? ?? './/title'?? './book;@id="1 "]'? ?? ?? XPath ?? ??; 5. et.SubElement ()? ?? ? ??? ???? ??? ?? ? ??? tree.write ()? ???? ??? ?????. ?? try-excrect? ???? ParseError ??? ?? ?? ????? XML? ?? ? ? ?????? ?????? ? ??? iterparse ()? ???? ???? ??? ? ????. ? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????.

Python?? XML ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ElementTree ???? ?? xml.etree.ElementTree ??? ???? ?????. ??? ???? ?? ? XML ???? ??, ????, ???? ? ?????.

?? ?????? elementTree? ???? XML ??? ???? ??? ??? ????.

1. XML ??????? ?? ??????

??? ?? ?? ????? XML ??? ?? ???? ??????.

 xml.etree.elementtree? ET? ?????

# XML ??? ?? ?????
tree = et.parse ( 'data.xml')
root = tree.getRoot () # ?? ??? ?????

XML? ?? ?? ??? ? ?? :

 xml_string = '' ''
<Books>
  <book id = "1">
    <title> Python ?? ?? </title>
    <??> John Doe </author>
  </book>
</books>
&#39;&#39; &#39;&#39;

root = et.fromstring (xml_string)

files ??? ET.parse() ???? ???? ?? ET.fromstring() ??????.

2. XML ??? ???? ???????

??? ??? .find() , .findall() ? .iter() ? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ? ? ????.

?? XML :

 <?????>
  <book id = "1">
    <title> ?? Python </title>
    <??> Mark Smith </author>
  </book>
  <book id = "2">
    Python </title>? <title> ??? ??
    <??> Anna Lee </author>
  </book>
</???>

??? ?? :

 # ? ?? <book> ??? ?????
First_Book = root.Find ( &#39;Book&#39;)

# ?? <book> ??? ?????
books = root.findall ( &#39;book&#39;)

?? ? :
    title = book.find ( &#39;title&#39;). ???
    author = book.find ( &#39;author&#39;). ???
    book_id = book.get ( &#39;id&#39;) # ??? ????
    print (f "id : {book_id}, ?? : {title}, author : {author}")

? .find() ? ?? ???? ???? ?????. .findall() ??? ?????.

3. ?? ? ??? ??? ?????

XML ??? ??? ???? ?? ? ????. ???? .get() ???? ???? ?? .text ??????.

 root.findall ( 'book')? Book? ?? :
    print ( "id :", book.get ( 'id')) # ??
    print ( "title :", book.find ( 'title'). text) # ??? ??? ???

??? ?? ? ?? ???? ??? ?????.

 title_elem = book.find ( 'title')
title = title_elem.text title_elem? ?? ??? ??? "? ? ??"

?? ???? ??????.

 title = book.findText ( 'title', default = 'No Title')

4. Xpath? ?? ????? ??

ElementTree? ? ?? ????? ?? XPATH ???? ?????.

 # ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????
?? = root.findall ( '.// title')

# ?? ????? ?? ?????
Special_books = root.findall ( '.// book [@id = "1"]')

# ?? 'ID'??? ?? ??
elements_with_id = root.findall ( './/*]@id]'))

? XPath? ?? ?? ? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????.

5. ??? ???? ?? ??????

XML? ???? ??? ?? ????.

 # ? ?? ??????
new_book = et.subelement (root, 'book', attrib = { 'id': '3'})
et.subelement (new_book, 'title'). text = 'Python? ??? ? ????'
et.subelement (new_book, 'author'). text = 'Jane Cole'

# ?? ??? ?????
root.findall ( 'book')? Book? ?? :
    if book.find ( 'author'). text == 'Anna Lee':
        book.find ( '??'). ??? = 'A. ??'

# ? ??? ??? ????
tree.write ( 'updated_data.xml', encoding = 'utf-8', xml_declaration = true)

? ?? root ?? tree ?? ?? .write() ??????.

?? ?

• Try-excrect? ???? ?? XML? ??????.

   ????:
      tree = et.parse ( 'data.xml')
  et.parseerror? ???? E :
      print (f "XML ?? ?? : {e}")

• ?? ????? ??? ?? ???? {namespace}tagname ??????.

• ? ??? ?? iterparse() ???? ?????? ???? ??????.

---

????? ElementTree? ?? ????? XML? ?? ???? ??? ? ??? ?????. ?? XPath ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? (?? ?? ??, ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??)? ?????.

? ??? elementtree? ?? ????? XML ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?????. ??? ??? PHP ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????!