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- How to Manage Auto-Incrementing Primary Keys in MySQL?
- Auto-incrementingprimarykeysinMySQLaremanagedeffectivelybyfollowingkeypractices:1.UnderstandthatAUTO_INCREMENTensuresunique,monotonicallyincreasingIDs,withgapsbeingnormalduetorollbacks,deletions,orfailedinserts.2.SetthestartingvalueusingALTERTABLEuse
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 928 2025-08-06 16:50:01
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- How to use check constraints to enforce data rules in MySQL?
- MySQL supports CHECK constraints to force domain integrity, effective from version 8.0.16; 1. Add constraints when creating a table: Use CREATETABLE to define CHECK conditions, such as age ≥18, salary > 0, department limit values; 2. Modify the table to add constraints: Use ALTERTABLEADDCONSTRAINT to limit field values, such as name non-empty; 3. Use complex conditions: support multi-column logic and expressions, such as end date ≥start date and completion status must have an end date; 4. Delete constraints: use ALTERTABLEDROPCONSTRAINT to specify the name to delete; 5. Notes: MySQL8.0.16, InnoDB or MyISAM needs to be quoted
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 412 2025-08-06 16:49:01
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- Add WooCommerce Fees based on Cart Product Category
- This tutorial is designed to guide developers how to automatically add custom fees (such as discounts) when the cart contains items in both specified categories (such as "drinks" and "bundles") in WooCommerce Cart. We will provide tested code examples and explain in detail how it works, ensuring you can easily integrate this feature into your WooCommerce store.
- PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 559 2025-08-06 16:45:01
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- Choosing Your Weapon: A Deep Dive into `array_map` vs. `array_walk`
- Usearray_mapwhenyouneedanewarraywithtransformedvalues,asitreturnsanewarraywithoutmodifyingtheoriginal.2.Usearray_walkwhenyouwanttomodifytheoriginalarrayinplaceorperformsideeffectslikelogging,asitoperatesbyreferenceandreturnsaboolean.3.Avoidusingarray
- PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 252 2025-08-06 16:42:02
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- How to make an HTML element not visible
- display:noneremovestheelementfromlayoutandtakesupnospace,makingitinaccessibletoscreenreaders;2.visibility:hiddenhidestheelementbutpreservesitsspaceinlayoutandusuallyhidesitfromscreenreaders;3.thehiddenattributefunctionslikedisplay:nonebydefault,remov
- HTML Tutorial . Web Front-end 737 2025-08-06 16:40:01
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- WooCommerce: Add fees when shopping carts also contain specific categories of items
- This article describes how to use WooCommerce's woocommerce_cart_calculate_fees hook to automatically add fees when the cart contains items with specified categories (such as "drinks" and "bundles"). The article provides detailed code examples and explains how to correctly check whether multiple items in the shopping cart have been specified at the same time, thereby avoiding the incorrect application of fees.
- PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 673 2025-08-06 16:39:00
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- Mastering PHP Superglobals: A Deep Dive into Global Scope
- SuperglobalsinPHParepredefined,always-availablevariablesthatholddatafromuserinput,serverenvironment,sessions,andmore,accessibleinallscopeswithoutdeclaration.Themainsuperglobalsare:$GET—datafromURLparameters;$POST—datafromHTTPPOSTrequestslikeforms;$RE
- PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 653 2025-08-06 16:36:01
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- `continue` Within a `switch` Inside a Loop: An Edge Case Explained
- continueinsideaswitchstatementnestedwithinalooptargetstheloop,nottheswitch.2.Itskipstheremainingcodeintheloopbodyandproceedstothenextiteration.3.Thisbehaviorcanbypassstatementsaftertheswitch,leadingtounintendedflow.4.Alwaysusebreaktoexitaswitchcaseno
- PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 666 2025-08-06 16:33:01
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- Stateful Web Applications: Advanced Session Management with $_SESSION and $_COOKIE
- $_SESSION and $_COOKIE are the core mechanisms for implementing web application state management in PHP; 1. $_SESSION stores user data through the server and relies on a unique session ID (usually stored in a cookie named PHPSESSID) to maintain user status. It requires calling session_start() to initialize, which has high data security; 2. $_COOKIE stores a small amount of data on the client side, which can be used to persist login status, user preferences or reconnect sessions; 3. Security practices include calling session_regenerate_id(true) after logging in to prevent session fixed attacks, and setting secure cookie parameters (such as secure, h
- PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 728 2025-08-06 16:29:01
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- Securing Your Application: Common Pitfalls of the $_SERVER Variable
- Nevertrust$\_SERVER\['HTTP\_HOST'\]withoutvalidation,asitcanbespoofedtoenableopenredirects;alwayswhitelistalloweddomainsoruseaconfiguredbaseURL.2.Donotrelysolelyon$\_SERVER['REMOTE\_ADDR']forclientIPdetection,asitmayreflectaproxyIP;onlytrust$\_SERVER
- PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 786 2025-08-06 16:27:01
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- PHP array key-value matching and conditional logic implementation guide
- This tutorial is intended to guide PHP developers how to efficiently iterate through arrays and perform conditional logic based on specific string values of array keys. The article elaborates on the usage of foreach loops when processing key-value pairs, and uses actual code examples to show how to accurately compare array keys, so as to flexibly assign variables or perform specific operations according to different key values, improving the logical clarity and functionality of the code.
- PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 408 2025-08-06 16:27:01
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- Avoiding 'Undefined Offset': Defensive Programming for Array Access
- Alwayscheckarrayboundsusingisset()orarray_key_exists()beforeaccessingelementstopreventundefinedoffseterrors.2.Usearray_key_exists()whendistinguishingbetweenmissingkeysandnullvaluesisnecessary.3.Validateinputarraysearlytoensureexpectedstructure,usingn
- PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 359 2025-08-06 16:25:00
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- PHP Processing Checkbox: Create key-value pairs containing unselected checkboxes
- This document is intended to solve how to generate an array containing all checkbox statuses (checked and unchecked) when PHP handles checkboxes. By modifying the naming of check boxes in HTML forms and combining PHP's $_POST method, you can ensure that the array contains the key-value pairs of each check box, where "1" means selected and "0" means unselected. Solve the problem that the check box array only contains selected items, ensure data integrity and facilitate subsequent processing.
- PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 741 2025-08-06 16:24:00
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- How to calculate a running total in MySQL?
- ForMySQL8.0andlater,usetheSUM()windowfunctiontocalculatearunningtotalefficientlyandreliably.2.Forversionsbefore8.0,simulatetherunningtotalusinguservariableswithaCROSSJOINtoinitializethevariable.3.Avoidcorrelatedsubqueriesastheyareinefficientforlarged
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 564 2025-08-06 16:21:00
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