How to correctly configure and use .env files in Laravel projects
Mar 09, 2024 pm 12:51 PMIn the Laravel project, the .env
file is a very important configuration file. It stores sensitive information of the project and allows the project to be flexible in different environments. run. This article will introduce how to correctly configure and use the .env
file in a Laravel project, and provide specific code examples to help readers better understand.
What is the .env
file
.env
file is the configuration file in the Laravel project, used to store sensitive information and configuration in the project items, such as database connection information, application keys, email configuration, etc. This information may be different in different environments. Through the .env
file, we can easily switch configuration information in different environments without modifying the code.
Configuration.env
File
In the Laravel project, the .env
file is in the project root directory. When we create a new Laravel project, Laravel will automatically copy the .env.example
file into the .env
file. We need to configure .env according to our own needs.
document. The following is a typical .env
file example:
APP_NAME=Laravel APP_ENV=local APP_KEY=base64:somekey APP_DEBUG=true APP_URL=http://localhost DB_CONNECTION=mysql DB_HOST=127.0.0.1 DB_PORT=3306 DB_DATABASE=laravel DB_USERNAME=root DB_PASSWORD=secret
Using the .env
file
In a Laravel project, you can pass env ()
function to obtain the value configured in the .env
file. The following is some sample code:
// 獲取配置項中的值 $appName = env('APP_NAME'); $debug = env('APP_DEBUG'); $dbConnection = env('DB_CONNECTION');
In addition to simply obtaining the value of the configuration item, we can also set some sensitive information in the .env
file, such as database connection information and third-party services API keys, etc. Using the .env
file can avoid hardcoding these sensitive information directly into the code, effectively improving the security of the project.
Configuration of local development environment and production environment
In development environment and production environment, we usually have different configuration items. You can set different values ??in the .env
file, and then obtain the corresponding configuration item values ??according to different environments. For example, we can set different database connection information in the .env
file, and then obtain different configurations according to the environment in the config/database.php
file:
'default' => env('DB_CONNECTION', 'mysql'),
Avoid submitting the .env
file to the version control system
Since the .env
file contains sensitive information of the project, it is not recommended to submit the . The env
file is submitted to the version control system to avoid leakage of sensitive information. You can add .env
to the .gitignore
file to ensure that the .env
file is not submitted to the code repository.
Summary
In Laravel projects, it is very important to correctly configure and use the .env
file. Through the .env
file, you can easily manage the project's configuration information and avoid hardcoding sensitive information into the code, thereby improving the security and flexibility of the project. I hope this article can help readers better understand how to correctly configure and use .env
files in Laravel projects.
Reference materials
- Laravel official documentation: https://laravel.com/docs/8.x/configuration#environment-configuration
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