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Home Operation and Maintenance Linux Operation and Maintenance Linux server security in action: using command line tools for defense

Linux server security in action: using command line tools for defense

Sep 09, 2023 pm 12:51 PM
linux server Command line tools Security in action

Linux server security in action: using command line tools for defense

Linux server security in action: using command line tools for defense

引言:
作為一名Linux服務(wù)器管理員,我們必須時刻保護服務(wù)器的安全性。在日常工作中,使用命令行工具進行服務(wù)器的防御是一種簡單高效的方法。本文將介紹一些常用的命令行工具,并給出相應(yīng)的代碼示例,幫助管理員加強服務(wù)器的安全性。

一、防火墻設(shè)置

防火墻是保護服務(wù)器免受惡意攻擊的重要工具。Linux系統(tǒng)中常用的防火墻工具是iptables。以下是一些常用的iptables命令,用于配置服務(wù)器的防火墻規(guī)則:

  1. 允許指定IP訪問特定端口:

    iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.0.0/24 -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
  2. 拒絕所有其他IP訪問指定端口:

    iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j DROP
  3. 查看當(dāng)前防火墻規(guī)則:

    iptables -L

二、SSH安全設(shè)置

SSH是服務(wù)器與客戶端之間安全通信的基礎(chǔ)。根據(jù)具體需求,可以對SSH進行以下安全設(shè)置:

  1. 修改SSH默認端口(默認為22):

    vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
    # 修改Port 22為其他端口號
  2. 禁止root用戶通過SSH遠程登錄:

    vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
    # 修改PermitRootLogin為no
  3. 禁止空密碼登錄:

    vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
    # 修改PermitEmptyPasswords為no

三、入侵檢測系統(tǒng)(HIDS)

入侵檢測系統(tǒng)(Host-based Intrusion Detection System,簡稱HIDS)可以檢測和防御服務(wù)器上的安全威脅。以下是一些常用的HIDS工具和命令:

  1. 使用Open Source Tripwire進行文件完整性檢查:

    tripwire --check
  2. 使用AIDE(Advanced Intrusion Detection Environment)進行文件完整性檢查:

    aide --check

四、網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量分析

網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量分析可以幫助管理員監(jiān)控服務(wù)器的網(wǎng)絡(luò)活動,及時發(fā)現(xiàn)異常并采取相應(yīng)的安全措施。以下是一些常用的網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量分析工具和命令:

  1. 使用tcpdump捕獲網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量:

    tcpdump -i eth0 -s 0 -w output.pcap
  2. 使用Wireshark分析捕獲的網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量:

    wireshark -r output.pcap

五、日志分析

日志分析是及時發(fā)現(xiàn)服務(wù)器異常的重要手段。以下是一些常用的日志分析工具和命令:

  1. 統(tǒng)計登錄失敗的用戶:

    grep "Failed password" /var/log/auth.log | awk '{print $11}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -rn
  2. 檢查登錄成功的用戶:

    grep "Accepted password" /var/log/auth.log | awk '{print $11}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -rn

六、密碼安全策略

良好的密碼安全策略是保護服務(wù)器安全性的關(guān)鍵。以下是一些常用的密碼安全策略命令:

  1. 修改密碼最小長度:

    vi /etc/login.defs
    # 修改PASS_MIN_LEN為所需的最小密碼長度
  2. 密碼復(fù)雜度策略設(shè)置:

    vi /etc/pam.d/common-password
    # 修改password requisite pam_cracklib.so參數(shù),設(shè)置密碼復(fù)雜度策略

結(jié)論:
通過運用命令行工具進行防御,我們可以提高Linux服務(wù)器的安全性。本文介紹了一些常用的命令行工具,并給出了相應(yīng)的代碼示例,希望能給管理員提供一些參考。

參考文獻:
[1] Linux控制臺命令防火墻設(shè)置配置命令iptables介紹,https://blog.csdn.net/u010648555/article/details/82840741
[2] Linux防火墻配置詳解,https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1006847
[3] SSH遠程登錄的安全設(shè)置,https://www.cnblogs.com/me115/p/13098681.html

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