Upload images to WordPress using XML-RPC and PHP
Sep 03, 2023 pm 05:45 PM
It is assumed that you are familiar with the XML-RPC protocol and how it works, even in WordPress, and that you have used it before. Add posts, delete pages, etc. That’s all well and good for text, but what happens when you want to send files like images to WordPress?
In this tutorial, we will cover a very simple way to send an image to WordPress so that it displays in the media section of the admin panel. We’ll be sending this image using PHP so you can use this code with a WordPress plugin, theme, or even just plain PHP like in our example.
Step 1Plan
To get a general idea of ??what we're going to do and how to do it, I'm going to start this tutorial with a plan. Basically, we are going to make a PHP script that will upload a file (a jpeg image to be more precise) to a local WordPress installation.
We will use a PHP library to create an XML-RPC client in PHP, which we will use to connect to the WordPress XML-RPC server and send data. The client is a PHP library called "The Incutio XML-RPC Library for PHP", which can be found at script.incutio.com
Please note: This example is for demonstration purposes only for this tutorial and is a very basic and straightforward example
Step 2Prepare the environment
For this tutorial, the first thing you need is a working version of WordPress with PHP and MySQL installed on your Apache server. You can also use it locally, which is what I recommend and is actually the example we'll use in this tutorial.
Another thing you'll need is the XML-RPC library we're using in this tutorial. The library is free with a BSD license and can be found at scripts.incutio.com
The library is actually just a PHP file called IXR_Library.php which we will use in this tutorial. The next thing you need to do is create a directory within the htdocs (or web root) folder of your local server installation where you will copy the IXR_Library.php file and also Create an index.php file next to it. The index.php file needs to be empty now.
The most important thing we need to do in the WordPress installation is to activate the XML-RPC service. WordPress disables this feature by default, so we need to go into the settings in the admin panel and activate it. To do this, go toSettings -> Writing and under the Remote Publishing heading you will find a checkbox next to XML-RPC Default Deselect it. Select it and click Save Changes.
Now we can communicate with WordPress’s built-in XML-RPC server.
Step 3Code explanation
Here comes the fun part, let’s get started! Open theindex.php file mentioned earlier using your favorite code editor.
Include libraryThe first thing we need to do is include the library file we just downloaded so we can use it later. Therefore, we edit the
index.php file and add the following code (don’t forget to start with the PHP tag, as shown in the example):
<?php
include_once('IXR_Library.php');
?>
This basically covers everything we need for our script to work. In short, we will use the client part of the library we just included. We'll do this later. Read image (Jpeg file)
Because we need to send an image (jpg file) to WordPress, we need to send it somehow. The solution is to send it in bit format, as you will see later, the XML-RPC server function requests it. But to send it like this we need to convert its content into bits and for that we need to get its content. This file (any jpg image file, we will name it test.jpg) will be placed next to the
index.php file (in the same directory) and in the next section we will read its contents and It is stored in a variable for later use.
$myFile = "test.jpg"; $fh = fopen($myFile, 'r'); $fs = filesize($myFile); $theData = fread($fh, $fs); fclose($fh);What the above code does is, first of all, it creates a new variable called
$myfile which contains the string value of the file name, since it is in the same folder, no card is needed Keep any other path information for it, just the name, in this case test.php.
fopen to do this, which we combine with the first argument of the previous variable $myFile and the The two parameters are used together with another string that represents the operation we want to perform on the file. A string value of r indicates that is reading . We add the result of opening the file to the variable $fh.
然后，因?yàn)槲覀冃枰募?nèi)容長度，所以我們將使用 PHP 函數(shù) $filesize 返回的值創(chuàng)建變量 $fs，該函數(shù)使用參數(shù) $myFile
最后，我們進(jìn)入讀取部分，我們將執(zhí)行讀取操作的函數(shù)返回的值賦予變量 $theData，即 fread。該函數(shù)使用兩個(gè)參數(shù)，第一個(gè)是之前打開的文件變量($fh)，第二個(gè)是之前設(shè)置的文件大小($fs)。
最后，我們使用函數(shù) fclose 及其參數(shù) $fh 關(guān)閉打開的文件。此時(shí)，我們已經(jīng)有了 jpg 文件的內(nèi)容，我們將把它發(fā)送到 WordPress 的 XML-RPC 服務(wù)器。
創(chuàng)建 XML-RPC 客戶端
在下一部分中，我們將使用剛剛導(dǎo)入的庫連接到 WordPress 的安裝 XML-RPC 服務(wù)器。為此，我們需要以下 3 個(gè)變量：
-
$usr（管理面板用戶名），$pwd（管理面板密碼）和 -
$xmlrpc（XML-RPC 服務(wù)器路徑）。請(qǐng)注意，XML-RPC 服務(wù)器路徑由基本 WordPress 安裝 URL + 斜杠后面的 xmlprc.php 文件組成。
$usr = 'admin'; $pwd = 'admin'; $xmlrpc = 'http://localhost/wordpress/xmlrpc.php'; $client = new IXR_Client($xmlrpc);
接下來我們需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建對(duì)服務(wù)器的調(diào)用。為此，我們將使用剛剛創(chuàng)建的 URL 字符串和從導(dǎo)入的庫文件繼承的 IXR_Client 類。此時(shí)，變量 $client 被聲明為該鏈接的新客戶端，并且所有操作都將使用它來完成。
下一部分是可選的，但如果您愿意，您可以像這樣激活調(diào)試：
$client->debug = true;
如果您激活它，您將可以更清楚地了解出現(xiàn)問題時(shí)發(fā)生的情況。
通過 XML-RPC 發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)
要使該腳本正常工作，我們需要做的最后一件事是通過激活來自 $client 變量的請(qǐng)求將數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到 WordPress，如下所示：
$res = $client->query('wp.uploadFile',1, $usr, $pwd, $params);
$res 變量給出從 $client 變量內(nèi)部調(diào)用的 query 函數(shù)的結(jié)果，該變量表示最初聲明和啟動(dòng)的 XML-RPC 客戶端實(shí)現(xiàn)?；旧衔覀冋谙蚍?wù)器發(fā)送請(qǐng)求。服務(wù)器將收到帶有以下參數(shù)的請(qǐng)求：
-
wp.uploadFile- 我們調(diào)用并用于上傳文件所需的服務(wù)函數(shù) -
1- 博客ID（每個(gè)WordPress博客都有一個(gè)ID，默認(rèn)為1 -
$usr- 先前聲明的用戶名變量。 -
$pwd- 先前聲明的密碼變量。 -
$params- 我們剛才討論的參數(shù)數(shù)組。
完整代碼
以上所有代碼放在一起看起來像這樣：
結(jié)論
實(shí)現(xiàn)這樣的客戶端并不難，但是因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)你要構(gòu)建的代碼是特定的，所以你需要知道你在做什么，這樣才能達(dá)到預(yù)期的效果。 PHP 中針對(duì) WordPress XML-RPC 上傳文件服務(wù)器請(qǐng)求的 XML-RPC 客戶端實(shí)現(xiàn)就是這樣一個(gè)示例。如果您發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)格式不正確，則可能不會(huì)被接受。這個(gè)例子雖然只有幾行代碼，但是非常具體。相同的客戶端可用于制作任何其他類型的
使用帶有適當(dāng)參數(shù)的不同 XML-RPC 請(qǐng)求函數(shù)向 WordPress 發(fā)出請(qǐng)求。
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