ThinkPHP6 Middleware Usage Guide: Implementing Global Filtering and Verification

Introduction:
In web application development, middleware is a very important and commonly used technical means. As a mainstream PHP development framework, ThinkPHP6 provides powerful middleware functions. Middleware can process between requests and responses, implement global filtering and verification functions, and help improve the security and stability of applications.

1. What is middleware?
Middleware is a link between the client and the server that processes requests and responses. In ThinkPHP6, middleware is mainly used to intercept and process HTTP requests. Middleware can be applied to all requests for different routes or globally. Through the filtering, verification and preprocessing of request data, precise control of business logic can be achieved.

2. How to use ThinkPHP6 middleware

1. Create middleware file
   Create a middleware file in the app/middleware directory, such as CheckAuth.php. The middleware file needs to contain a handle method for processing requests and responses. The following is a simple middleware example:

<?php
namespace appmiddleware;

class CheckAuth
{
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        // 在處理請(qǐng)求之前的操作，例如身份驗(yàn)證
        
        // 將請(qǐng)求傳遞給下一個(gè)中間件或控制器
        $response = $next($request);
        
        // 在響應(yīng)之后的操作，例如修改響應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)
        
        return $response;
    }
}

2. Register Middleware
   Register the middleware in the app/middleware.php file. For example, registering the CheckAuth middleware as a global middleware can automatically apply the middleware in every request:

use appmiddlewareCheckAuth;

return [
    CheckAuth::class,
];

3. Configuring middleware rules
   In app/route/middleware Configure middleware rules in the .php file to specify which routes to apply middleware to. The following is a simple example:

use appmiddlewareCheckAuth;

return [
    'auth' => [
        'appindexcontrollerUser@index',
    ],
];

4. Route qualification of middleware
   When using middleware in routing, you can use a pair of square brackets in the routing definition to qualify the middleware Application scope:

Route::get('user/profile', '[auth]appindexcontrollerUser@profile');

Among the above routes, the middleware auth will only be applied to the specific route user/profile.

3. Middleware Example: Request Parameter Verification
Middleware is very suitable for verifying request parameters. The following is a simple request parameter verification middleware example:

<?php
namespace appmiddleware;

class CheckParams
{
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        // 獲取請(qǐng)求參數(shù)
        $params = $request->param();
        
        // 驗(yàn)證請(qǐng)求參數(shù)
        $validate = new     hinkValidate;
        $validate->rule([
            'name'  => 'require',
            'age' => 'integer|between:1,100',
        ]);
        if (!$validate->check($params)) {
            return json($validate->getError(), 400);
        }
        
        return $next($request);
    }
}

The above middleware will verify whether the name and age parameters in the request comply with the rules, and return an error message if they do not comply.

4. Summary
Middleware is one of the very important functions in the ThinkPHP6 framework, which can help us achieve global filtering and verification requirements. By creating middleware files, registering middleware, configuring middleware rules, and limiting the application scope of middleware in routes, we can easily achieve precise control over requests and responses. At the same time, we also learned through a simple example how middleware is applied to the verification of request parameters, helping us improve the security and stability of the application. I hope this article can provide some help for you to understand and use ThinkPHP6 middleware.

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