In modern web applications, using the ORM framework to handle database operations has become standard. Among all ORM frameworks, the Go language ORM framework is getting more and more attention and love from developers. However, when we use the Go language ORM framework, we may encounter some common problems. In this article, we will analyze and solve these common problems to better use the Go language ORM framework.

1. About GORM's data model definition
   In GORM, we can use struct to define the data model, but there are some issues that need attention. First, we need to use tags to define the mapping relationship between tables and columns in the database. In these tags, such as gorm:"column:name", we need to pay attention to the case of the tag content. If we use uppercase letters in a tag, the tag will be considered invalid. Second, we may need to define a default value for the model. In this case we need to use pointer types and make sure they are not pointed to nil.
2. Time processing
   In our applications, time is usually used extensively. But when using GORM, there will be some minor problems in time processing. First, we need to make sure we set the type of the field to time.Time when we define it, otherwise we may see different values ??than we expect. Second, we need to specify a default value for the time field. If we don't specify a default value, we might get some undefined behavior when we try to save it to the database. Finally, for querying the time field, we need to use time.Time instead of strings in other formats. At this time, we can use the format function of the Time package.
3. Definition of related tables
   GORM provides a built-in related mode that allows us to easily join two or more tables together. However, in actual use, we may encounter some problems. First, we need to make sure our association table is defined. Then we need to define the has_one or belong_to relationship in the structure of the association table. Finally, we need to use the Preload() function to ensure that our query operates with the associated table.
4. Database Migration and Version Management
   In our application, we need to change the database schema over time, or add or remove columns. At this time we need to perform database migration. However, in GORM we need to control migration manually, which may cause some problems. First, we need to make sure our table is defined. Secondly, we need to use the AutoMigrate() function to migrate the database model instead of using SQL statements directly. Finally, it's best to use version control to track migration changes.
5. Security Issues
   In our applications, protecting user data is crucial. When using GORM, we also need to pay attention to some security issues. First, we need to use parameterized queries to prevent SQL injection. Secondly, we need to use the security functions provided by the ORM framework to filter input and prevent XSS attacks.

In this article, we introduce some common problems you may encounter when using the Go language ORM framework and give some solutions. Of course, the content mentioned here may not be comprehensive. For developers using ORM frameworks, we still need a deeper understanding and application to better ensure the security and stability of applications.

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