關(guān)于PHP操作文件的一些FAQ總結(jié)
Jun 21, 2016 am 09:15 AM前言:
PHP中對(duì)各類數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的操作有著支持,對(duì)文件的操作也同樣有著很豐富的操作方法,很多朋友現(xiàn)在的操作還是基于文件操作
可是有的時(shí)候在操作文件的時(shí)候還存在不少的困惑和疑點(diǎn),以下是我在日常編寫(xiě)過(guò)程中碰到的以及壇上朋友所碰到的關(guān)于文件操
作的一些問(wèn)題收藏吧。
問(wèn):如何新建一個(gè)文件?
答:1、使用fopen("要建立的文件名","參數(shù)"),參數(shù)可選 w,w+,a,a+
2、使用exec("echo '' > 要建立的文件名");這樣是使用系統(tǒng)方式建立這個(gè)文件,你還可以使用touch這個(gè)linux命令來(lái)建立
問(wèn):為什么我無(wú)法建立文件?
答:1、如果你使用了fopen建立文件,是否正確的使用了參數(shù)
2、系統(tǒng)權(quán)限問(wèn)題,請(qǐng)?jiān)儐?wèn)你的WEBMASTER你的FTP目錄是否有寫(xiě)的權(quán)限
3、FTP權(quán)限問(wèn)題,你要確認(rèn)你的PHP文件所要寫(xiě)文件所在目錄要有寫(xiě)的權(quán)限,也就是你的FTP軟件登陸后other組要有寫(xiě)這個(gè)權(quán)限,
如果沒(méi)有請(qǐng)修改權(quán)限后嘗試
問(wèn):如何將文件讀入數(shù)組?
答:使用file
問(wèn):如何將文件全部讀出?
答:1、使用fread($fp);
2、如果你的PHP版本>=4.3.0的話可以使用file_get_contents();
問(wèn):如何判斷文件是否存在?
答:使用file_exists();為什么不使用fopen()來(lái)判斷呢?原因是有時(shí)候是因?yàn)闄?quán)限問(wèn)題導(dǎo)致fopen返回的數(shù)據(jù)引導(dǎo)我們錯(cuò)誤的判斷
問(wèn):為什么當(dāng)我讀取一個(gè)WEB頁(yè)面的時(shí)候出錯(cuò)?
答:1、可能是你的傳遞參數(shù)錯(cuò),當(dāng)讀取WEB頁(yè)面的時(shí)候你只可以使用r方式讀取頁(yè)面
2、確保你要讀取的WEB頁(yè)面可以訪問(wèn)
問(wèn):我如何才能獲得文件的相關(guān)屬性?
答:PHP提供了一組獲得文件屬性的方法,例如 filemtime(),fileowner(),filegroup(),filectime(),fileatime()...詳細(xì)的使用
請(qǐng)參閱手冊(cè)。
問(wèn):PHP打開(kāi)文件后是否可以象C一樣進(jìn)行文件“游標(biāo)”的定位呢?
答:可以的,使用fseek();
問(wèn):我想在訪問(wèn)文件的時(shí)候不允許其他人也訪問(wèn)此文件,怎么辦?
答:1、你可以采用其他方面程序限制用戶接入文件操作的頁(yè)面
2、使用flock();詳細(xì)的參數(shù)以及使用方法請(qǐng)參閱手冊(cè)
問(wèn):如何刪除文件內(nèi)第一行,或指定一行數(shù)據(jù)?
答:PHP并沒(méi)有提供這樣的操作方法,不過(guò)我們可以通過(guò)組合使用,以下代碼演示我們將刪除文件"test.dat"中的第三行數(shù)據(jù)(test.datw
文件中數(shù)據(jù)不止三行)
$filename="test.dat";//定義操作文件
$delline=3; //要?jiǎng)h除的行數(shù)
if(!file_exsits($filename)){
die("指定文件未發(fā)現(xiàn)!操作中斷!");
}
$farray=file($filename);//讀取文件數(shù)據(jù)到數(shù)組中
for($tmpa=0;$Tmpa
//判斷刪除的行
continue;
}
//重新整理后的數(shù)據(jù)
$newfp.=$farray[$Tmpa]."\r\n";
}
$fp=@fopen($filename,"a") or die("寫(xiě)方式打開(kāi)文件 $filename 失敗");//我們以寫(xiě)的方式打開(kāi)文件
@fputs($fp,$newfp) or die("文件寫(xiě)入失敗");
@fclose($fp);
?>
以上代碼演示的是刪除一行文件,不過(guò)你如果仔細(xì)的看的話,其實(shí)也給你提供了其他的文件操作的相關(guān)提醒~
問(wèn):當(dāng)我試圖打開(kāi)一個(gè)不存在的文件的時(shí)候,我如何不讓錯(cuò)誤顯示出來(lái)以避免我的路徑泄露!!
答:在你要打開(kāi)文件的方法前增加@符號(hào)用來(lái)屏蔽錯(cuò)誤,@是PHP提供的錯(cuò)誤信息屏蔽的專用符號(hào)
或您可以在這個(gè)要操作的步驟前增加(通常是在頁(yè)首)error_reporting(0);用來(lái)屏蔽頁(yè)面內(nèi)所有錯(cuò)誤信息的顯示
一個(gè)不推薦的方法就是去修改php.ini(ISP除外)
問(wèn):我使用的是虛擬主機(jī),我如何防止其他用戶竊取我的數(shù)據(jù)?
答:建議ISP修改php.ini中的open_basedir進(jìn)行限制,
不推薦的ISP設(shè)置是將fopen,file等文件操作加入disable_function中。
問(wèn):為什么我用PHP建立文件后我FTP登陸要?jiǎng)h除這些文件無(wú)法刪除??
答:主要是因?yàn)镻HP建立的文件歸屬WEB用戶組,也就是建立的文件,并非是你FTP用戶的?。?!
這個(gè)問(wèn)題的解決就是,使用PHP程序的chmod,unlink等方式進(jìn)行處理,建議用戶在使用PHP建立文件的時(shí)候
記得chmod文件權(quán)限,建議為777
問(wèn):如何使用文本文件作為數(shù)據(jù)倉(cāng)庫(kù)?有的留言本,論壇之類的都是使用這個(gè)的??!
答:其實(shí)這個(gè)主要還是使用了file,結(jié)合explode進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)讀取與分割的典型范例而已。
問(wèn):如何更改文件名?
答:rename();
問(wèn):如何刪除文件?
答:unlink(); exec("del(rm -vf) filename");注:rm -vf為linux下使用
問(wèn):如何清空文件?
答:使用fopen(filename,"w");或exec("echo '' > filename");
問(wèn):如何編輯文件內(nèi)容?
答:我記得我以前回答過(guò)一個(gè)刪除文件內(nèi)容的,其實(shí)編輯內(nèi)容在刪除內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)行變量替換就可以了。
希望你可以向上找找,將我上面的continue修改為替換變量數(shù)據(jù)就可以了:)
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以上是我個(gè)人對(duì)文件操作的相關(guān)總結(jié)
說(shuō)明:本篇文章我覺(jué)得對(duì)初學(xué)PHP文件操作方面應(yīng)該有點(diǎn)幫助,作者:楊宗威 首發(fā)地:CSDN 作者轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)地:DEV-CLUB
看這里沒(méi)就再發(fā)一次(畢竟寫(xiě)出來(lái)就希望能對(duì)大家有點(diǎn)幫助)
≡≡學(xué)無(wú)止境≡≡

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