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Home php教程 php手冊 淺析php中實(shí)現(xiàn)多線程~

淺析php中實(shí)現(xiàn)多線程~

Jun 21, 2016 am 09:14 AM
php quot

多線程

PHP中實(shí)現(xiàn)多線程? 看到這個(gè)標(biāo)題, 你一定以為我瘋了..但是事實(shí)上我真的這么做了.

下面是我的一些做法, 已經(jīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)過. 確實(shí)可以的.

我們知道PHP本身是不支持多線程的, 但是我們的WEB服務(wù)器是支持多線程的.

也就是說可以同時(shí)讓多人一起訪問. 這也是我在PHP中實(shí)現(xiàn)多線程的基礎(chǔ).

假設(shè)我們現(xiàn)在運(yùn)行的是a.php這個(gè)文件. 但是我在程序中又請求WEB服務(wù)器運(yùn)行另一個(gè)b.php

那么這兩個(gè)文件將是同時(shí)執(zhí)行的.

(PS: 一個(gè)鏈接請求發(fā)送之后, WEB服務(wù)器就會執(zhí)行它, 而不管客戶端是否已經(jīng)退出)

有些時(shí)候, 我們想運(yùn)行的不是另一個(gè)文件, 而是本文件中的一部分代碼.該怎么辦呢?

其實(shí)可是通過參數(shù)來控制a.php來運(yùn)行哪一段程序.

下面看一個(gè)例子:

//a.php

PHP代碼:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

function runThread()
{
$fp = fsockopen('localhost', 80, $errno, $errmsg);

fputs($fp, "GET /a.php?act=b\r\n\r\n"); //這里的第二個(gè)參數(shù)是HTTP協(xié)議中規(guī)定的請求頭
//不明白的請看RFC中的定義

fclose($fp);
}

function a()
{
$fp = fopen('result_a.log', 'w');
fputs($fp, 'Set in ' . Date('h:i:s', time()) . (double)microtime() . "\r\n");

fclose($fp);
}

function b()
{
$fp = fopen('result_b.log', 'w');
fputs($fp, 'Set in ' . Date('h:i:s', time()) . (double)microtime() . "\r\n");

fclose($fp);
}

if(!isset($_GET['act'])) $_GET['act'] = 'a';

if($_GET['act'] == 'a')
{
runThread();
a();
}
else if($_GET['act'] == 'b') b();
?>

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


打開result_a.log 和 result_b.log 比較一下兩個(gè)文件的中訪問的時(shí)間. 大家會發(fā)現(xiàn), 這兩個(gè)的確是在不同線程中運(yùn)行的.
有些時(shí)間完全一樣.

上面只是一個(gè)簡單的例子, 大家可以改進(jìn)成其它形式.


既然PHP中也能多線程了, 那么問題也來了, 那就是同步的問題. 我們知道 PHP本身是不支持多線程的. 所以更不會有什么像

Java 中synchronize的方法了. 那我們該如何做呢.

1. 盡量不訪問同一個(gè)資源. 以避免沖突. 但是可以同時(shí)像數(shù)據(jù)庫操作. 因?yàn)閿?shù)據(jù)庫是支持并發(fā)操作的. 所以在多線程的PHP中

不要向同一個(gè)文件中寫入數(shù)據(jù). 如果必須要寫的話, 用別的方法進(jìn)行同步.. 如調(diào)用 flock對文件進(jìn)行加鎖等. 或建立臨時(shí)文件

并在另外的線程中等待這個(gè)文件的消失 while(file_exits('xxx')); 這樣就等于這個(gè)臨時(shí)文件存在時(shí), 表示其實(shí)線程正在操作

如果沒有了這個(gè)文件, 說明其它線程已經(jīng)釋放了這個(gè).

2. 盡量不要從runThread在執(zhí)行fputs后取這個(gè)socket中讀取數(shù)據(jù). 因?yàn)橐獙?shí)現(xiàn)多線程, 需要的用非阻塞模式. 即在像fgets這

樣的函數(shù)時(shí)立即返回.. 所以讀寫數(shù)據(jù)就會出問題. 如果使用阻塞模式的話, 程序就不算是多線程了. 他要等上面的返回才執(zhí)行

下面的程序. 所以如果需要交換數(shù)據(jù)最后利用外面文件或數(shù)據(jù)中完成. 實(shí)在想要的話就用socket_set_nonblock($fp) 來實(shí)現(xiàn).


說了這么多, 倒底這個(gè)有沒有實(shí)際的意義呢? 在什么時(shí)候需要這種用這種方法呢 ?

答案是肯定的. 大家知道. 在一個(gè)不斷讀取網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源的應(yīng)用中, 網(wǎng)絡(luò)的速度是瓶頸. 如果采多這種形式就可以同時(shí)以多個(gè)線程對

不同的頁面進(jìn)行讀取.

本人做的一個(gè)能從8848、soaso這些商城網(wǎng)站搜索信息的程序。還有一個(gè)從阿里巴巴網(wǎng)站上讀取商業(yè)信息和公司目錄的程序也用到

了此技術(shù)。 因?yàn)檫@兩個(gè)程序都是要不斷的鏈接它們的服務(wù)器讀取信息并保存到數(shù)據(jù)庫。 利用此技術(shù)正好消除了在等待響應(yīng)時(shí)的瓶

頸。


僅以此拋磚引玉, 希望大家多來討論~~~~~~~




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