jQuery study notes change jQuery object_jquery
May 16, 2016 pm 05:49 PMjQuery代碼的任務(wù)就是生成jQuery對象A,操作jQuery對象A;生成jQuery對象B,操作jQuery對象B……但是若此過程中,對象A、B……之間有某種關(guān)系,那么完全沒必要一個個去$(selector),這很繁瑣的。因此jQuery提供了一些方法,使流程變?yōu)樯蒵Query對象A,操作jQuery對象A;更改為jQuery對象B,操作jQuery對象B……
一個jQuery對象,既要進行N次操作,又要進行M次更改。因此有必要將生成的jQuery對象存儲在一個變量中,多次調(diào)用。然而,試想每進行一次操作和更改就得聲明一個新變量,這也很繁瑣啊。所以jQuery采取了鏈式操作的方法,即執(zhí)行操作后返回操作對象本身,于是可以持續(xù)執(zhí)行下一個操作,直到需要更改對象時方執(zhí)行更改,然后返回更改后對象。這實際上就是一種函數(shù)式思維。
舉個例子,左右對比一下:
一般調(diào)用 |
鏈式調(diào)用 |
a=$(“div”); a.addClass(“class”); b=a.children(“ul”); b.show();????????????????????????? c=a.siblings(); c.removeClass(“class”); |
$(“div”).addClass(“class”) .children(“ul”).show().end() .siblings().removeClass(“class”); |
接下來就介紹一下更改jQuery對象的各種方法:
更改為后代元素集合
方法 |
描述 |
等價 |
children(selector) |
在原先元素的后代元素中,選取匹配selector的元素。若不設(shè)置參數(shù),children()等價于children(*),選取原先元素的所有子元素 |
$(selector1).children(selector2)≡$(selector1>selector2) |
find(selector) |
在原先元素的后代元素中,選取匹配selector的元素。若不設(shè)置參數(shù),find()等價于find(“:not(*)”),不會選取原先元素的任何后代元素 |
$(selector1).find(selector2)≈$(selector1 selector2)。若參數(shù)使用基本過濾選擇器,不是在全部后代元素中選取過濾匹配元素,而是在每一個后代元素中分別選取過濾匹配元素 |
contents() |
選取原先元素的子元素或文本塊 |
?
更改為祖先元素集合
方法 |
描述 |
parent(selector) |
在原先元素的父元素中,選取匹配selector的元素。若不設(shè)置參數(shù),parent()等價于parent(“*”),選取原先元素的所有父元素 |
parents(selector) |
在原先元素的祖先元素中,選取匹配selector的元素。若不設(shè)置參數(shù),parents()等價于parents(“*”),選取原先元素的所有祖先元素 |
parentsUntil(selector) |
選取原先元素的祖先元素,直到遇到匹配selector的元素為止,且不包括該元素。若不設(shè)置參數(shù),parentsUntil()等價于parents(),選取原先元素的所有祖先元素 |
offsetParents() |
選取原先元素的最近祖先定位元素,且該元素CSS屬性display不能為none。定位元素指CSS屬性position |
closest(selector) |
在原先元素及其祖先元素中,選取匹配selector的最近元素 |
?
更改為兄弟元素集合
方法????????????? |
描述 |
等價 |
next(selector) |
在原先元素后面的第一個兄弟元素中,選取匹配selector的元素。若不設(shè)置參數(shù),next()等價于next(“*”),選取原先元素后面的第一個兄弟元素 |
$(selector1).next(selector2)≡$(selector1+selector2) |
prev(selector) |
在原先元素前面的第一個兄弟元素中,選取匹配selector的元素。若不設(shè)置參數(shù),prev()等價于prev(“*”),選取原先元素前面的第一個兄弟元素 |
|
nextAll(selector) |
在原先元素后面的兄弟元素中,選取匹配selector的元素。若不設(shè)置參數(shù),nextAll()等價于nextAll(“*”),選取原先元素后面的所有兄弟元素 |
$(selector1).nextAll(selector2)≡$(selector1~selector2) |
prevAll(selector) |
在原先元素前面的兄弟元素中,選取匹配selector的元素。若不設(shè)置參數(shù),prevAll()等價于prevAll(“*”),選取原先元素前面的所有兄弟元素 |
|
siblings(selector) |
在原先元素的兄弟元素中,選取匹配selector的元素。若不設(shè)置參數(shù),siblings()等價于siblings(“*”),選取原先元素的所有兄弟元素 |
|
nextUntil(selector) |
選取原先元素后面的兄弟元素,直到遇到匹配selector的元素為止,且不包括該元素。若不設(shè)置參數(shù),nextUntil()等價于nextAll(),選取原先元素后面的所有兄弟元素 |
|
prevUntil(selector) |
選取原先元素前面的兄弟元素,直到遇到匹配selector的元素為止,且不包括該元素。若不設(shè)置參數(shù),prevUntil()等價于prevAll(),選取原先元素前面的所有兄弟元素 |
?
更改為更多元素集合
方法????????????? |
描述 |
等價 |
add(selector) |
在原先元素的基礎(chǔ)上添加選取匹配selector的元素 |
$(selector1).add(selector2)≡$(selector1,selector2) |
andSelf() |
更改為后代元素、祖先元素、兄弟元素的這些操作,會在原先元素以外選取元素??捎糜趯⒃仍睾透牟僮鬟x取的元素合并在一起 |
is changed to a collection of partial elements
Method??????????????????????????????????????????????????????? |
Description |
Equivalent
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
eq(index) | Select the elements whose index value is equal to index among the original elements. The index value starts from 0 as a positive number, or it can count down from -1, but it cannot be mixed | $(selector).eq(index)≡$(selector:eq(index)) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
first() | Select the first element among the original elements, which is equivalent to eq(0) | $(selector).first()≡$(selector:first) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
last() | Select the last element among the original elements, which is equivalent to eq(-1) | $(selector).last()≡$(selector:last) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
slice(start,[end]) | Select elements with index values ??from start to end-1 in the original elements. If end is not passed in, elements with index values ??greater than or equal to start will be filtered | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
filter(selector) | Filter elements matching the selector from the original elements | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
filter(fn(index)) | Use function filtering. For elements whose index value is equal to index, if the function returns true, the element is included in the filtered collection, otherwise it is excluded | Can realize $(selector:even(index)), $(selector:odd(index)), $(selector:gt(index))、 $(selector:lt(index)) etc. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
not(selector) | Filter elements that do not match the selector from the original elements | $(selector1).not(selector2)≡$(selector1:not(selector2)) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
not(fn(index)) | Use function filtering. For elements whose index value is equal to index, if the function returns true, the element will be excluded from the filtered collection, otherwise it will be included | Can realize $(selector:even(index)), $(selector:odd(index)), $(selector:gt(index))、 $(selector:lt(index)) etc. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
has(selector) | Filter out elements that have descendant elements that match the selector from the original elements | $(selector1).has(selector2)≡$(selector1:has(selector2)) |
Method??????????????????????????????????????????????????????? | Description |
end() | Restore the selected elements after changing the jQuery object to before the change. If you want to restore multiple change operations, call it multiple times until an empty set is returned in the end |

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