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Table of Contents
How require-dev works
Common examples of require-dev packages
Key differences: require vs require-dev
Practical tip
Home Development Tools composer What does require-dev mean in composer.json?

What does require-dev mean in composer.json?

Jul 31, 2025 am 02:32 AM

The require-dev section in composer.json is used to specify development-only dependencies that are not needed in production; 1) Composer installs these packages by default during composer install or update in development environments; 2) They are skipped when using composer install --no-dev, which is recommended for production; 3) These packages do not affect production autoloading; Common examples include phpunit/phpunit for testing, PHPStan or Psalm for static analysis, PHP-CS-Fixer for code style enforcement, and Mockery for test doubles; The key difference from require is that require lists production dependencies essential for the application to run, while require-dev lists tools only for development; Always use composer install --no-dev --optimize-autoloader in production to improve security and performance by excluding unnecessary development packages.

What does require-dev mean in composer.json?

In composer.json, the require-dev section specifies development dependencies — packages that are only needed during development, testing, or debugging, but not required in production.

What does require-dev mean in composer.json?

How require-dev works

When you list a package under require-dev, Composer will:

  • Install it by default when you run composer install or composer update in a development environment.
  • Skip it if you use composer install --no-dev (which is typically done on production servers).
  • Not include it when analyzing dependencies for production autoloading or class resolution.

Common examples of require-dev packages

These are tools you use to build, test, or analyze your code:

What does require-dev mean in composer.json?
  • PHPUnit (phpunit/phpunit) – for running tests
  • PHPStan or Psalm – for static analysis
  • PHP_CodeSniffer or PHP-CS-Fixer – for code style enforcement
  • Symfony/var-dumper – for debugging (though sometimes used in dev only)
  • Mockery – for creating test doubles

Example composer.json snippet:

{
    "require": {
        "monolog/monolog": "^2.0"
    },
    "require-dev": {
        "phpunit/phpunit": "^9.5",
        "friendsofphp/php-cs-fixer": "^3.0"
    }
}

Key differences: require vs require-dev

requirerequire-dev
Needed for the app to runOnly for development tasks
Installed everywhereSkipped with --no-dev flag
Affects production autoloadDoesn't affect production autoload

Practical tip

Always use --no-dev in production:

What does require-dev mean in composer.json?
composer install --no-dev --optimize-autoloader

This ensures dev tools aren’t installed where they’re not needed, improving security and performance.

Basically, if a package helps you write or test code but isn’t needed when the app runs, put it in require-dev.

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