To implement breadcrumbs in Vue using Vue Router, define route meta with breadcrumb labels, create a reusable component to render the trail from $route.matched, and apply styling and accessibility considerations. 1. Define each route's breadcrumb label in the meta field, supporting static strings or dynamic functions. 2. Create a Breadcrumb.vue component that filters and maps matched routes based on defined breadcrumbs. 3. Update the computed property to handle dynamic breadcrumb values by executing the function with the current route. 4. Style breadcrumbs horizontally with separators using CSS. 5. Ensure accessibility by using
Breadcrumbs are a great way to show users their current location within an app’s navigation hierarchy. In Vue, combining breadcrumbs with Vue Router makes it easy to dynamically generate the trail based on the current route. Here's how you can do it.
Basic Setup with Vue Router
To create a breadcrumb component, you first need to set up Vue Router properly. The key is to define meta information for each route that includes a breadcrumb label. This helps in dynamically generating the breadcrumb trail.
Here’s an example of a route configuration:
const routes = [
{
path: '/',
name: 'Home',
component: HomeView,
meta: { breadcrumb: 'Home' }
},
{
path: '/products',
name: 'Products',
component: ProductsView,
meta: { breadcrumb: 'Products' }
},
{
path: '/products/:id',
name: 'ProductDetail',
component: ProductDetailView,
meta: { breadcrumb: (route) => `Product ${route.params.id}` }
}
]The breadcrumb value can be a string or a function that receives the route object, allowing dynamic values like product IDs.
Rendering the Breadcrumb Trail
Once your routes are set up, you can create a reusable Breadcrumb.vue component that reads from $route.matched and displays the trail.
Here’s a basic version:
<template>
<nav class="breadcrumb">
<ul>
<li v-for="(route, index) in matchedRoutes" :key="index">
<router-link :to="route.path">{{ route.meta.breadcrumb }}</router-link>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</template>
<script>
export default {
computed: {
matchedRoutes() {
return this.$route.matched.filter(route => route.meta && route.meta.breadcrumb)
}
}
}
</script>This component filters out any routes without a breadcrumb defined and renders them as a list of links.
If you want to handle dynamic breadcrumb labels (like the one using a function), update the computed property like this:
matchedRoutes() {
return this.$route.matched
.filter(route => route.meta && route.meta.breadcrumb)
.map(route => {
const breadcrumb = typeof route.meta.breadcrumb === 'function'
? route.meta.breadcrumb(route)
: route.meta.breadcrumb
return { ...route, breadcrumb }
})
}Now you can use {{ route.breadcrumb }} in your template.
Styling and Accessibility
Breadcrumbs usually look best when styled horizontally with separators. You can use simple CSS like this:
.breadcrumb ul {
display: flex;
list-style: none;
padding: 0;
}
.breadcrumb li li::before {
content: " / ";
padding: 0 5px;
color: #666;
}Also, don’t forget accessibility:
- Use
<nav></nav>so screen readers know it's navigational - Add
aria-label="Breadcrumb"to the nav element - Avoid making the last item a link since it represents the current page
You could conditionally add a class to the last item or disable the link if needed.
Optional Enhancements
- Show a tooltip on hover with full path
- Highlight the current page by applying a different style
- Add icons between items for better visual separation
- Handle deeply nested routes gracefully
These small touches improve usability without complicating things too much.
That’s basically it — not complicated, but very useful once implemented. With just a few lines of code and some thoughtful styling, you can make your Vue app feel more polished and user-friendly.
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