SolidJS: A First Look at Fine-Grained Reactivity
Jul 30, 2025 am 04:31 AM
<p> SolidJS is a striking existence in the front-end framework ecosystem in recent years. If you are familiar with React but are a little dissatisfied with its "re-rendering" mechanism and the performance overhead of virtual DOM, SolidJS provides a different idea: true Fine-Grained Reactivity . It does not rely on the diff algorithm or the virtual DOM, but it can accurately update the smallest units in the UI at runtime.
What is a fine-grained responsive?
<p> In React, the status update triggers the component function to be re-rendered, and then the virtual DOM diff is used to find the DOM node that needs to be changed. Although this process is efficient, it is essentially "coarse-grained" - the entire component function has to be run, even if only one variable is changed. <p> SolidJS's responsive system is "fine-grained": it establishes an exact dependency between state and DOM nodes when it is rendered for the first time . When a certain state changes, the framework can directly locate the part of the DOM that needs to be updated, skipping all unrelated calculations and traversals.
<p> To give a simple example: function Counter() {
const [count, setCount] = createSignal(0);
Return (
<div>
<p>Count: {count()}</p>
<button onClick={() => setCount(count() 1)}>Increment</button>
</div>
);
}<p> In this example, {count()} is considered a responsive dependency. Solid automatically tracks it when rendering and creates a "side effect" to listen for changes. Once setCount is called, only the text in the <p> tag will be updated, and the rest (such as the button) will remain unmoved at all. 
How to update efficiently without a virtual DOM?
<p> This is the most surprising thing about SolidJS: It does not use virtual DOM at all .<p> Instead, Solid converts JSX to direct instructions to manipulate real DOM at compile time (with Babel or SWC). Each responsive expression is compiled into a traceable "signal" and bound to the specific DOM node.<p> This means:- Fast rendering for the first time (no VDOM build overhead)
- Updates very quickly (update text nodes or attributes directly)
- Lower memory footprint (no maintenance of VDOM tree)
Responsive principles: Signals, Effects, and Memos
<p> Solid's responsive system is based on three core concepts:- Signals : Stores variable states and notifies the dependant when changes are made.
- Effects : Side effect function (such as updating the DOM), automatically tracking dependent signals.
- Memorizations (Memo) : caches the calculation results and recalculates only when dependency changes.
const [count, setCount] = createSignal(0);
const doubled = createMemo(() => count() * 2);
createEffect(() => {
console.log("Count changed:", count());
});-
createMemois only re-executes whencount()changes. -
createEffectruns when component initialization and reruns after eachcount()change. - All dependencies are automatically established at runtime without manual declaration.
JSX and templates: written like React, behave like Svelte
<p> Solid's JSX looks a lot like React, but behaves closer to Svelte or Angular:- <p> Conditional rendering requires the
Showcomponent:<Show when={count() > 5}> <p>Count is big!</p> </Show> - <p>
Forlist rendering:<For each={list()}> {(item) => <div>{item.name}</div>} </For><p> These are not ordinary components, but control flow structures identified at compile time, which can generate efficient responsive update logic.Why is it worth paying attention to?
- Excellent performance : JS Framework Benchmark has been ranked first for a long time.
- Small size : The production package is about 6KB, no virtual DOM.
- Writing is close to React : low learning cost, JSX Hooks style.
- True responsiveness : Not component-based updates, but data-dependent updates.
summary
<p> SolidJS is not another "React-like" framework, but a rethinking of responsive UI. It replaces immutable state with Signals, replaces runtime diff with compile-time optimization, and replaces component-level re-render with fine-grained updates. <p> If you pursue extreme performance, but don't want to write complex template syntax or give up the flexibility of JSX, SolidJS is a very worthwhile choice. <p> Basically that's it - no magic, only clear responsive models and clever compilation strategies.The above is the detailed content of SolidJS: A First Look at Fine-Grained Reactivity. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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