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Table of Contents
? 1. Install pyodbc
? 2. Connect to SQL Server Example (Windows Authentication/SQL Login)
Example 1: Using SQL Server Authentication (Username and Password)
Example 2: Using Windows Authentication (Integrated Security)
? 3. Common ODBC driver names (note the case and version)
? 4. Connection string parameter description
? 5. Troubleshooting of FAQs
Home Backend Development Python Tutorial python connect to sql server pyodbc example

python connect to sql server pyodbc example

Jul 30, 2025 am 02:53 AM
python

Install pyodbc: Use the pip install pyodbc command to install the library; 2. Connect SQL Server: Use the pyodbc.connect() method to use the connection string containing DRIVER, SERVER, DATABASE, UID/PWD or Trusted_Connection, which supports SQL authentication or Windows authentication respectively; 3. Check the installed driver: Run pyodbc.drivers() and filter the driver name containing 'SQL Server' to ensure that the correct driver name is used such as 'ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server'; 4. Key parameters of the connection string include DRIVER (must match the actual installation), SERVER (with ports), DATABASE, UID/PWD (SQL authentication), or Trusted_Connection=yes (Windows authentication); 5. Frequently asked questions include driver name error causing "Data source name not found", network blockage or firewall not open port 1433, login failure requires checking the credentials and whether SQL Server enables hybrid mode authentication; it is recommended to use ODBC Driver 17 or 18 for good compatibility and TLS encryption support; as long as the driver is correct, the connection string is correct, and the network is smooth, you can successfully connect to SQL Server and perform query operations.

python connect to sql server pyodbc example

Connecting SQL Server Using pyodbc is a common way in Python. Here is a simple and practical connection example that includes installation, configuration, and basic operations.

python connect to sql server pyodbc example

? 1. Install pyodbc

 pip install pyodbc

? 2. Connect to SQL Server Example (Windows Authentication/SQL Login)

Example 1: Using SQL Server Authentication (Username and Password)

 import pyodbc

#Connection string server = 'your_server_name' # For example: localhost or 192.168.1.100
database = 'your_database_name' # For example: TestDB
username = 'your_username' # For example: sa or other user password = 'your_password'

# build the connection string conn_str = (
    f'DRIVER={{ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server}};'
    f'SERVER={server};'
    f'DATABASE={database};'
    f'UID={username};'
    f'PWD={password}'
)

# Create a connection try:
    conn = pyodbc.connect(conn_str)
    print("? Connect successfully!")

    # Create cursor cursor = conn.cursor()

    # Execute a simple query cursor.execute("SELECT @@VERSION")
    row = cursor.fetchone()
    print("SQL Server Version:")
    print(row[0])

    # Close the connection conn.close()

except Exception as e:
    print("? Connection failed:", e)

Example 2: Using Windows Authentication (Integrated Security)

 import pyodbc

conn_str = (
    'DRIVER={ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server};'
    'SERVER=your_server_name;'
    'DATABASE=your_database_name;'
    'Trusted_Connection=yes;' # Use Windows authentication)

try:
    conn = pyodbc.connect(conn_str)
    print("? Connect successfully using Windows Authentication!")

    cursor = conn.cursor()
    cursor.execute("SELECT TOP 5 * FROM your_table_name")
    for row in cursor.fetchall():
        print(row)

    conn.close()

except Exception as e:
    print("? Connection failed:", e)

? 3. Common ODBC driver names (note the case and version)

Make sure your system has the corresponding ODBC Driver installed. Common driver names:

  • {ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server}
  • {ODBC Driver 18 for SQL Server}
  • {SQL Server Native Client 11.0}

You can view the installed drivers of the system through the following code:

python connect to sql server pyodbc example
 import pyodbc
print([x for x in pyodbc.drivers() if 'SQL Server' in x])

? 4. Connection string parameter description

parameter illustrate
DRIVER Must match the ODBC driver name installed in the system
SERVER SQL Server address, can be with port (such as localhost,1433 )
DATABASE Database name to connect to
UID / PWD Username and Password (SQL Authentication)
Trusted_Connection=yes Using Windows Integrated Authentication

? 5. Troubleshooting of FAQs

  • ? Error Data source name not found : Check whether the driver name is correct.
  • ? Unable to connect to the server: Confirm that SQL Server allows remote connections and the firewall opens port 1433.
  • ? Login failed: Check the username and password, or whether SQL Server enables hybrid authentication mode.
  • ? It is recommended to use ODBC Driver 17 or 18 , with good compatibility and supports TLS encryption.

Basically that's it. As long as the driver is installed, the connection string pair is connected, and the network is connected, the connection can be smoothly connected.

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