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Table of Contents
1. Remove the File from Git (But Keep It Locally)
2. Update .gitignore to Prevent Future Tracking
3. Commit the Changes
4. (Optional) Remove from All Branches and History
Using git filter-repo (recommended):
What Happens to the File After Untracking?
Summary
Home Development Tools git How to Untrack a File Already Committed to a Git Repository

How to Untrack a File Already Committed to a Git Repository

Jul 28, 2025 am 01:46 AM
git document

To correctly stop tracking committed files, the following steps are required: 1. Use git rm --cached <filename> to remove files from the Git index but keep local files, use git rm -r --cached <folder> for the directory; 2. Add the file to .gitignore to prevent future retracking, and submit changes to .gitignore through echo "" >> .gitignore and submit changes to .gitignore; 3. Submit changes, the command is git commit -m "Stop tracking <filename> and add to .gitignore"; 4. If the file contains sensitive data, use git filter-repo --path --invert-paths to completely clear from history, and execute git push origin main after the operation --force Force push, but be careful to note that rewriting history will affect collaborators and communication should be made in advance. After completing the above steps, the file remains on the local disk, is no longer version-controlled, and will not be tracked by subsequent submissions.

How to Untrack a File Already Committed to a Git Repository

If you've accidentally committed a file to a Git repository that you don't want tracked—like config files, credentials, or build artifacts—you can stop Git from tracking it going forward. However, just adding it to .gitignore won't remove it from the repository history. Here's how to properly untrack a file already committed.

How to Untrack a File Already Committed to a Git Repository

1. Remove the File from Git (But Keep It Locally)

Use git rm --cached to remove the file from Git's index without deleting it from your working directory:

 git rm --cached <filename>

For example:

How to Untrack a File Already Committed to a Git Repository
 git rm --cached config.env

This tells Git to stop tracking the file, but keeps it on your machine.

? Use git rm -r --cached <folder> for directories.

How to Untrack a File Already Committed to a Git Repository

2. Update .gitignore to Prevent Future Tracking

Even after removing the file from Git, you should add it to .gitignore so it doesn't get accidentally re-added later:

 echo "<filename>" >> .gitignore
git add .gitignore

Example:

 echo "config.env" >> .gitignore
git add .gitignore

Now Git will ignore future changes to this file.


3. Commit the Changes

Commit the removal of the file and the updated .gitignore :

 git commit -m "Stop tracking <filename> and add to .gitignore"

4. (Optional) Remove from All Branches and History

If the file contains sensitive data (like passwords), simply untracking it isn't enough—its history remains in the repo. You'll need to rewrite history to fully remove it.

Use git filter-branch or the safer, modern tool BFG Repo-Cleaner , or git filter-repo :

 pip install git-filter-repo # Install if needed
git filter-repo --path <filename> --invert-paths

This removes the file from all commits in history.

?? Warning: Rewriting history affects collaboration. If the repo is shared, coordinate with your team.

After cleaning, force-push:

 git push origin main --force

What Happens to the File After Untracking?

  • ? Stays on your local machine
  • ? No longer tracked in future commits
  • ? Other developers will see it removed on their next git pull unless they've made local changes

?? If others have local changes to the file, they may encounter conflicts or lose changes. Communication before untracking shared files.


Summary

To untrack a committed file:

  • ? Use git rm --cached <file></file> to stop tracking
  • ? Add the file to .gitignore
  • ? Commit the change
  • ? For sensitive data, use git filter-repo to purge from history

Basically, .gitignore only prevents future tracking—removing already tracked files require active steps. Once done, the file stays on disk but disappears from version control.

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