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Table of Contents
Basic Usage: Clipping vs Ellipsis
Multi-line Text Overflow
When to Use Each Value
Home Web Front-end CSS Tutorial Explain the CSS `text-overflow` property

Explain the CSS `text-overflow` property

Jul 25, 2025 am 04:36 AM

The text-overflow property in CSS controls how text is displayed when it overflows its container. 1. It has two main values: clip, which cuts off text without an indicator, and ellipsis, which adds "…" to show more content exists. 2. To work, elements must have white-space: nowrap, overflow: hidden, and a defined width. 3. For multi-line truncation, -webkit-line-clamp is used with display: -webkit-box, -webkit-box-orient: vertical, and overflow: hidden. 4. Ellipsis is preferred when signaling hidden content, while clip offers a cleaner cut. 5. Additional techniques like tooltips or expandable text can enhance user experience when full content access is needed.

Explain the CSS `text-overflow` property

When you're working with text in CSS and need to handle cases where the text overflows its container, text-overflow comes into play. It lets you control how that overflow is visually represented — whether it's hidden, clipped, or shown with an ellipsis.

Explain the CSS `text-overflow` property

Basic Usage: Clipping vs Ellipsis

The text-overflow property has two commonly used values: clip and ellipsis.

  • clip simply cuts off the text without any visual indicator.
  • ellipsis adds "…" at the point where the text is cut off, signaling that there's more content.

To make either of these work, a few conditions must be met:

Explain the CSS `text-overflow` property
  • The element must have white-space: nowrap (for single-line overflow).
  • It should have a defined width or max-width.
  • Overflow needs to be hidden (overflow: hidden).

Without those, text-overflow won’t take effect.

For example:

Explain the CSS `text-overflow` property
.truncate {
  white-space: nowrap;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
  max-width: 200px;
}

This will show an ellipsis if the text inside this element exceeds 200px in width.

Multi-line Text Overflow

CSS doesn't directly support multi-line ellipsis with text-overflow, but you can achieve it using -webkit-line-clamp. This works best when combined with other properties like display: -webkit-box, -webkit-box-orient: vertical, and overflow: hidden.

Here’s a common setup:

.multi-line {
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
}

This limits the text to three lines and shows an ellipsis at the end if it overflows.

Note that this method uses WebKit-specific styles, so it may not work perfectly in all browsers, especially older ones.

When to Use Each Value

Choose based on user experience and design goals:

  • Use clip when you want a clean cut and don’t want to signal more content.
  • Use ellipsis when users might benefit from knowing there's more text hidden.
  • For multi-line truncation, use -webkit-line-clamp with text-overflow: ellipsis for better visual feedback.

Also, consider tooltips or expanding the text on interaction if users need access to the full content.


That’s how text-overflow works in most real-world scenarios — straightforward when dealing with single lines, a bit trickier for multiple lines, but totally doable with a few extra CSS rules.

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