CSS Grid layout implements a two-dimensional layout by defining container and row-column properties. 1. Set display: grid; create a Grid container; 2. Use grid-template-columns and grid-template-rows to define the size of columns and rows, such as 200px 1fr 200px; 3. Use grid-column and grid-row to control the position of child elements, such as 1 / span 2 to span two columns; 4. Use gap to set spacing, justify-items and align-items to control alignment, thereby achieving flexible and complex page layout.
It is actually not that difficult to layout with CSS Grid. The key is to understand its structure and commonly used properties. Grid layout is suitable for two-dimensional layout (row and column control at the same time), which is more flexible than Flexbox, and is especially suitable for the overall page structure.
Define a basic Grid container
If you want to use Grid layout, the first step is to turn a container into a Grid container. The method is very simple, just set display: grid;
.container {
display: grid;
}At this time its child elements will become Grid's items, but by default they will be arranged in a row. To truly use the ability of Grid, you also need to set the row and column size.
Set the size of rows and columns: grid-template-columns and grid-template-rows
These two properties are the core of defining the mesh structure. For example, if you want to make a three-column layout, you can write it like this:
.container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 200px 1fr 200px;
} This means that the first column is 200px wide, the middle column automatically fills the remaining space, and the third column is also 200px. fr is a unit unique to Grid, representing "number of available space".
If you want the column width to be automatically adjusted, you can also use auto or minmax() :
grid-template-columns: minmax(200px, 1fr) minmax(300px, 2fr);
This means that the first column is 200px, the maximum is 1fr, the second column is 300px, the maximum is 2fr, which can be adapted to different screen sizes.
Control the location of the project: grid-column and grid-row
One advantage of Grid is that it can precisely control the position of each child element. for example:
.item1 {
grid-column: 1 / 3;
grid-row: 1;
}This means that the element starts from column 1 and spans to column 3 (excluding column 3), and the row is row 1. You can make complex layouts in this way, such as having an element span multiple columns or rows.
It can also be abbreviated as:
grid-column: 1 / span 2;
It means starting from column 1 and spanning 2 columns.
FAQ: Spacing and Alignment
In Grid layout, the spacing between child elements can be set through gap , for example:
.container {
gap: 20px;
}You can also set the spacing between rows and columns separately:
gap: 20px 10px; /* Row spacing 20px, column spacing 10px */
In terms of alignment, justify-items and align-items can be used to control the alignment of child elements in cells:
-
justify-items: start | end | center | stretch; -
align-items: start | end | center | stretch;
If you want to control the position of the entire Grid in the container, you can use justify-content and align-content .
Basically that's it. Grid seems to have many attributes, but after mastering several core concepts, you can make various complex layouts. At first, it may feel a little confused, but it will be easy to practice a few more times.
The above is the detailed content of CSS grid layout tutorial. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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