To implement CSS Grid layout, you need to master five core steps: 1. Define the container and set the row and column structure, use display: grid to define columns and rows with grid-template-columns and grid-template-rows, and can also be simplified by repeat(); 2. Control the spacing and alignment, set row and column spacing through gap, justify-items and align-items to control overall alignment, justify-self and align-self to control children separately; 3. Use region naming to improve intuitiveness, name regions and allocate children through grid-template-areas; 4. Flexible position of child items, use grid-column and grid-row to specify span rows and columns, and support simplified writing of span keywords; 5. Practical application to familiarize yourself and master its flexibility and powerful functions through multiple attempts.
To implement CSS Grid layout, the key is to understand the basic properties of grid and their coordination. As long as you master several core concepts, you can quickly build a page layout with clear structure and flexible response.
Define containers and set row and column structure
The first step is to set a container to grid layout and use display: grid; . Then define the size of columns and rows through grid-template-columns and grid-template-rows .
for example:
.container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 100px 200px auto;
grid-template-rows: 50px 100px;
} This creates a grid of three columns and two rows. You can also use repeat() to simplify the writing method, such as creating 3 columns with 1fr (equal divisions):
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
This is especially useful when doing responsive design.
Control spacing and alignment
After setting up the structure, it is usually necessary to adjust the gaps between the elements. You can use gap attribute to set the spacing between rows and columns, or use row-gap and column-gap respectively:
.container {
gap: 10px 20px; /* Row spacing 10px, column spacing 20px */
} In addition, justify-items and align-items can be used to control the alignment of child elements in cells:
-
justify-items: start | end | center | stretch -
align-items: start | end | center | stretch
If you only want to control the position of a child separately, you can use justify-self or align-self .
Use area naming to make the layout more intuitive
For complex layouts, you can name different regions through grid-template-areas , and then correspond to children into these regions.
For example:
.container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 2fr;
grid-template-rows: auto auto;
grid-template-areas:
"header header"
"sidebar content";
}
.header {
grid-area: header;
}
.sidebar {
grid-area: sidebar;
}
.content {
grid-area: content;
}This method is suitable for the overall structure planning of the page, such as the header, sidebar, content area, etc., which is clear at a glance.
Flexible positioning of child items
In addition to sorting in order, you can also manually specify the location of the child items. Use grid-column and grid-row to make an element span multiple columns or rows:
.item {
grid-column: 1 / 3;
grid-row: 2 / 4;
}The above meaning is: this element starts from column 1, ends from column 3 (not including column 3), and starts from row 2, ends from row 4.
You can also use the span keyword to simplify the writing:
grid-column: 1 / span 2;
It means starting from column 1 and spanning 2 columns.
Basically that's it. After mastering these parts, you can meet most common grid layout needs. Although it may feel a bit complicated at the beginning, just try it a few more times and you will find that it is very powerful and flexible.
The above is the detailed content of How to create a grid layout with CSS Grid?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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