Use @keyframes in CSS to achieve custom animation effects. The basic steps are: 1. Define the @keyframes animation, specify the animation name and keyframe style; 2. Bind the animation to the target element through the animation attribute, and set parameters such as duration, easing function, and playback times; 3. Pay attention to consistent naming, reasonable use of from/to to replace 0%/100%, add browser prefix, optimize performance, and test performance on different devices, and you can achieve common animation effects such as button hover and load indicator.
Want to use CSS to create a simple animation effect? @keyframes is the core tool for implementing custom animations. As long as you master a few basic structures, you can create common effects such as button hover animation and load indicators.
What is @keyframes?
@keyframes is a rule used in CSS to define animation keyframes. You can understand it as a "script" that tells the browser what the element should look like at a certain point in time. For example, it is transparent at the beginning, enlarge the middle a little, and finally return to normal.
When using it, you need to name the animation and then apply it to an element through animation attribute.
For example:
@keyframes example {
0% { opacity: 0; transform: scale(0.8); }
50% { opacity: 0.5; transform: scale(1.2); }
100% { opacity: 1; transform: scale(1); }
} The above code defines an animation called example . During the entire animation process, the elements will transition from translucent and shrinking state to zoom in and then return to normal.
How to add animation to elements?
After writing @keyframes , the next step is to bind this animation to specific elements. A common way is to add animation attributes to the selector.
Continuing with the above example:
.my-element {
animation: example 2s ease-in-out infinite;
}This line of code means:
- Use an animation called
example - Duration is 2 seconds
- Use
ease-in-outeasing function (start and ending are slow, middle is fast) -
infinitemeans infinite loop playback
You can also disassemble and write it into multiple attributes, which is clearer:
.my-element {
animation-name: example;
animation-duration: 2s;
animation-timing-function: ease-in-out;
animation-iteration-count: infinite;
}Common values include:
-
animation-direction: alternate: let the animation play back and forth -
animation-delay: 1s: Playback starts after 1 second delay -
animation-fill-mode: forwards: Keep the last frame style after the animation is over
Practical tips and precautions
If you don’t pay attention to some details, the animation may stop moving or perform abnormally. Here are some practical suggestions:
- The naming must be unified : The name defined by
@keyframesmust be consistent withanimation-name, otherwise the animation will not take effect. - The percentage is written in a flexible way : in addition to
0%and100%, you can also usefromandtoto to represent the starting point and end point. - Don't miss browser prefixes : Although most modern browsers support unprefixed versions, if you want to be compatible with old devices, you can add prefixes such as
-webkit-. - Performance considerations : Frequent re-arrangement or the use of large amounts of animations will affect the performance of the page. Try to use performance-friendly attributes such as
transformandopacityto animation. - Test behavior on different devices : Mobile and desktop sometimes differ, especially when autoplay and trigger animations.
Basically that's it
In fact, it is not difficult to write a simple CSS animation. The core is to define the keyframe first and then apply it to the target element. After you are proficient in this, you can combine multiple animations, control the playback direction, delay time, etc. to create richer visual effects.
The above is the detailed content of How to create a simple CSS animation with @keyframes?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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