Annotations There are four types of contents that should be avoided in PHP development: 1. Do not comment sensitive information, such as database passwords or API keys, because these will still be exposed. It is recommended to use environment variables and add .gitignore; 2. Avoid outdated or incorrect comments. When modifying the code, you need to update the comments simultaneously to ensure the description is accurate; 3. Do not write meaningless comments. If you add redundant instructions to simple assignment statements, comments should be added in complex logic; 4. Do not replace PHPDoc document comments with ordinary comments. It is recommended to use standard formats to support IDE prompts and maintain structured information.
When writing PHP code, comments are an important tool to help understand and maintain code. But sometimes, writing annotations incorrectly will have negative effects, even exposing sensitive information or affecting performance. Here are some things that should not be written in comments in PHP and why.
1. Do not comment out sensitive information
Some people are used to "hiding" sensitive information such as database passwords and API keys in code with comments, such as:
// DB_PASSWORD = 'mysecretpassword'
Question : This information will still be published with the code and can be seen by others by looking at the source code. Especially in public warehouses or hosting environments, this is equivalent to directly exposing critical data.
suggestion :
- Use configuration files and place sensitive information in a non-public directory .
- Manage sensitive information through environment variables (such as
.envfiles). - Make sure that these files are not submitted in version control (for example, joining
.gitignore).
2. Do not write outdated or incorrect comments
Sometimes I changed the code after writing it for several rounds, but the comments were not updated. for example:
// Return user balance function getUserMoney($id) {
return getUserCredit($id) - getUserDebt($id);
}Problem : This function seems to return the balance, but the comment does not state that it is "balance = line of credit - debt", which can easily mislead others.
suggestion :
- Update comments easily when modifying the code.
- If the function is complex, you can add an explanation logic, such as: "Return the available balance, the calculation method is to minus the current owed."
3. Don't write meaningless comments
for example:
// Set the title $title = 'Home';
Question : This comment is completely unnecessary, but it is distracting. The code itself is already very clear, and adding comments seems verbose.
suggestion :
- Only comment on places where logic is complex and difficult to understand .
- Keep the annotations concise and accurate, and avoid "nonsense literature".
4. Do not replace code documentation with comments
Some developers like to write a large comment at the beginning of a function to explain the parameters, return values and other information. for example:
/*
* Function name: getUserInfo
* Parameters: $id (user ID)
* Return value: User information array*/
function getUserInfo($id) {
// ...
}Question : Although this writing method is useful, it is costly to maintain and is prone to obsolete. A better way is to use PHPDoc standard annotations:
/**
* Obtain user information*
* @param int $id User ID
* @return array User information array*/
function getUserInfo($id) {
// ...
}suggestion :
- Using standard PHPDoc annotations, parameters and return types can be automatically prompted with the IDE.
- Avoid replacing structured documentation with normal comments.
Basically that's it. The purpose of comments is to help others (and their future self) understand the code faster than to create chaos or mineburn. Thinking more when writing will make the effect much better.
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