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Table of Contents
What is mask-image ?
How to use mask-image correctly?
Common application scenarios
1. Image fading effect
2. Text hollowing effect
3. Dynamic mask transition
Some points that are easy to ignore
Home Web Front-end CSS Tutorial How to use CSS mask-image?

How to use CSS mask-image?

Jul 18, 2025 am 03:58 AM

CSS' mask-image attribute controls the visible area of the element through pictures or gradients, achieving visual effects such as fading, hollowing, and image cropping. 1. Use mask-image to set the mask image, white display, black hidden, gray translucent; 2. It is recommended to use PNG format, and use mask-repeat and mask-size to control the mask direction and size; 3. Adding the -webkit- prefix to improve browser compatibility; 4. It is often used in scenes such as image fading, text hollowing, dynamic mask transition; 5. Pay attention to the mask image scale, element background settings and Safari compatibility. Mastering the combination of black, white and gray control, compatibility processing and animation can achieve attractive visual effects.

How to use CSS mask-image?

mask-image property of CSS is a very useful but often overlooked tool. It allows you to mask elements with images or gradients, achieving some cool visual effects, such as fading, hollowing, image cropping, etc. If used well, the page can look more refined and improve the interactive experience.

How to use CSS mask-image?

What is mask-image ?

Simply put, mask-image is to set a "mask diagram" for the element, which determines which parts of the element are visible and which are transparent. It works a bit like Photoshop's mask: the white area shows the content, the black area hides the content, and the gray area shows the content as translucent.

It is also very straightforward to use:

How to use CSS mask-image?
 .element {
  mask-image: url('mask.png');
}

You can also use gradients as a mask:

 mask-image: linear-gradient(to right, black, white);

How to use mask-image correctly?

To make mask-image work, there are several details that must be noted:

How to use CSS mask-image?
  • Image format support : It is best to use PNG format, especially when transparent channels are needed.
  • Mask direction : By default, mask according to the size of the picture itself, but you can use mask-repeat , mask-size and other properties to control it.
  • Browser compatibility : Currently, mainstream browsers support it, but it is best to add -webkit- prefix to ensure compatibility, especially on mobile:
 mask-image: url('mask.png');
-webkit-mask-image: url('mask.png');

Common application scenarios

1. Image fading effect

For example, if you want an image to slowly disappear from left to right, you can use linear gradients as a mask:

 .image {
  width: 300px;
  height: 200px;
  background: url('photo.jpg');
  mask-image: linear-gradient(to right, transparent, black);
  -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(to right, transparent, black);
}

In this way, the right side of the picture will gradually become transparent, forming a natural transition.

2. Text hollowing effect

Using an image as a mask to make the text turn into a pattern fill effect, which is very common in poster design:

 .text {
  font-size: 60px;
  font-weight: bold;
  background: url('pattern.jpg');
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
  color: transparent;
  mask-image: url('text-mask.png');
  -webkit-mask-image: url('text-mask.png');
}

Note that -webkit-background-clip is used here to make the text only display the background image.

3. Dynamic mask transition

Combined with CSS animation, you can implement dynamic changes in masks, such as the transition from hiding to display:

 @keyframes reveal {
  0% { mask-image: linear-gradient(to right, transparent 50%, black 50%); }
  100% { mask-image: linear-gradient(to right, transparent 0%, black 100%); }
}

.slide {
  animation: reveal 2s forwards;
}

This effect is often used in image display or loading animations.


Some points that are easy to ignore

  • The size of the mask diagram and the proportion of the element itself must match, otherwise it is prone to stretching or cropping.
  • When using masks, background and color of the element itself will be affected. It is recommended to use background to control the display content.
  • On Safari, some properties must be added with -webkit- to take effect, such as mask-repeat , mask-position , etc.

Basically that's it. mask-image looks complicated, but in fact, as long as you understand it as a tool to "control the visible area of elements", you can use it flexibly. The uncomplexing but easy to ignore are: the black, white and gray control of mask diagrams, browser compatibility processing and animation combination methods . By mastering these key points, you can achieve many visually attractive effects.

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