The core of sending Laravel notifications is to use the notify() method or Notification::send() to send in batches. It mainly supports mail, database, broadcast, slack and vonage channels, and can define the use channel through via(). Database notifications require running migration commands and implementing the toDatabase() method. Queue processing enables asynchronous sending by introducing Queueable, and can also customize channels such as DingTalk notifications.
Laravel's notification system is really easy to use and can help you manage various reminders and messages in a unified manner. It supports multiple channels, such as email, SMS, database, broadcast, and even Slack, and has a clear structure and good scalability.
The following points are the things you are most likely to care about when using Laravel Notifications, let’s talk about them one by one.
How to send a notification
Sending notifications is actually quite simple, the core is to use notify() method. For example, if you have a user model instance $user , you can send a notification like this:
use App\Notifications\InvoicePaid; $user->notify(new InvoicePaid($invoice));
The key here is that your notification class needs to inherit Illuminate\Notifications\Notification , and then define the channels you want to support, such as mail or database , and write the data structure of each channel.
FAQ: Some people confuse notify() and Notification::send() . In fact, the latter is more suitable for batch sending, such as sending the same notification to multiple users.
Which notification channels are supported?
Laravel supports several commonly used channels by default:
- mail : Send an email
- database : Saved in the database, often used to display "unread messages" in the front-end
- broadcast : combine WebSocket to achieve real-time push
- slack : Send to Slack channel
- vonage (formerly Nexmo): SMS or voice notification (extra installation package required)
You can choose which channels to go to for each notification, such as:
public function via($notifiable)
{
return ['mail', 'database'];
} If you only want to use some functions, such as only storing the database and not sending emails, then don't add the corresponding method. For example, the database channel needs to return the array data toDatabase() method.
How to use database storage notifications
Many projects use databases to save notifications, so that users can view history records in the background or mark them read.
You need to run the migration command first to generate a notification table:
php artisan notifications:table
Then execute migrate . After that, as long as your notification class contains toDatabase() method, Laravel will be automatically saved.
for example:
public function toDatabase($notifiable)
{
Return [
'invoice_id' => $this->invoice->id,
'amount' => $this->invoice->amount,
];
}When the front-end call, you can get the user's unread notification like this:
$user->unreadNotifications;
You can also mark as read as required, or delete:
$user->notifications()->where('id', $notificationId)->delete();
Custom notification channels and queue processing
The default notification is sent synchronously, but sometimes you want to process it asynchronously, such as sending an email cannot affect the response speed too much. You can use the queue at this time:
use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
class InvoicePaid extends Notification
{
use Queueable;
public function __construct($invoice)
{
$this->invoice = $invoice;
}
}This way the notification will enter the queue and be processed asynchronously by the worker.
If the default channel is not enough, you can also customize the channel. For example, to implement a DingTalk notification channel yourself, you only need to write a class to implement the Channel interface, and then return its name in via() .
Basically that's all. Laravel's notification system is designed with a relatively flexible design, which may feel a bit complicated at first, but once you master the basic routines, you can easily deal with most notification scenarios. Don't forget to decide whether to use queues, whether you need multiple channels, and how to organize notification data structures based on your business needs.
The above is the detailed content of Using the Laravel Notifications system.. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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