The key to creating a user in a Linux system is to master several common commands. First, use the sudo useradd -m username command to create a user and generate a home directory; then set the password through the sudo passwd username; then check the /etc/passwd file to confirm that the user is created successfully; if you need to specify the default shell, use the -s parameter such as sudo useradd -m -s /bin/bash username; add the user to a specific group, use the -G parameter such as sudo useradd -m -G sudo username; finally, use the deluser to delete the user or usermod to modify the user information, such as modifying the shell or adding additional groups.
Creating a user in a Linux system is not complicated. The key is to understand several commonly used commands and their uses. If you have system management needs, this step is almost essential.
Use the useradd command to add a user
This is the most common and basic way. Most Linux distributions come with this command.
-
Basic usage :
Open the terminal and enter:sudo useradd username
where
usernameis the username you want to create. After execution, a user without a password will be created.
It is recommended to add the
-mparameter :
By default, some systems do not automatically create home directories for new users. Add one-mand you'll be insured:sudo useradd -m username
Set password :
After creating the user, remember to set the password:sudo passwd username
Then enter your password as prompted.
Check whether the user has been created successfully
You can check the /etc/passwd file to confirm whether the user has been added to the system:
grep username /etc/passwd
If you can see a line of output like this:
username:x:1001:1001::/home/username:/bin/sh
That means the user has been created successfully.
Set user login shell and permissions
Sometimes you may want to specify the user's default shell or let it have certain permissions.
Modify the default shell : For example, you want the user to use bash instead of sh:
sudo useradd -m -s /bin/bash username
Add to a specific user group : If you want this user to belong to an existing group (such as
sudogroup):sudo useradd -m -G sudo username
In this way, this user can use
sudopermission to execute commands.Note : Some distributions (such as Ubuntu) do not give new users
sudopermissions by default, unless you manually add them tosudogroup.
Delete or modify user information
If you accidentally create the wrong user, or need to modify the configuration, you can also easily handle it:
Delete the user:
sudo deluser username
Add
--remove-hometo delete the home directory together.Modify user information:
sudo usermod -s /bin/zsh username # Modify shell sudo usermod -aG www-data username # Add extra group
These operations allow you to manage user accounts more flexibly.
Basically that's it.
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