Error Code: 1045 encountered in MySQL Workbench error, usually caused by password error, permission configuration problems, or user failure; solutions include: 1. Check whether the user name and password are correct. It is recommended to test login through the command line mysql -u root -p; 2. If the password is wrong, you can skip permission verification and reset the password. The specific steps are to stop the service, start with skip-grant-tables, update the password and restart the service; 3. Check whether the 'root'@'localhost' exists, if not, you need to create and authorize it; 4. Troubleshoot other reasons such as whether the service is running, whether the configuration file is abnormal, and whether the authentication plug-in is suitable, such as modifying it to the mysql_native_password plug-in.

I encountered MySQL Workbench error Error Code: 1045. Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' is a relatively common problem, which usually means that authentication failed when connecting to the database. There may be multiple reasons for this problem, such as password errors, permission configuration issues, and user failure.

Here are some common causes and solutions for you to troubleshoot and deal with:

1. Check whether the username and password are correct

This is the most common reason. If you are sure you are entering the correct password, it may be:

• Password has been modified but you didn't remember it
• There was an error in input (such as incorrect case or extra spaces)
• The default blank password was used, but the password has been actually set

? Suggestions:

• Try to use mysql -u root -p to log in on the command line to see if you can log in normally.
• If it doesn't work, it means there is indeed a problem with the password and you need to reset the root user password.

2. Try to reset the root user password

If you confirm that your password is wrong or you forget your password, you can reset your root password by skipping permission verification.

The steps are as follows (taking Windows as an example):

1. Open a command prompt and stop the MySQL service:

    net stop MySQL

2. Start MySQL with skip permissions:

    mysqld --skip-grant-tables

3. Open another command window and enter MySQL:

    mysql -u root

4. Update the root user password (select statements based on your MySQL version):

    -- For MySQL 5.7 and below UPDATE mysql.user SET Password=PASSWORD('New Password') WHERE User='root';
   
   -- For MySQL 8.0 and above ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'New Password';

5. Refresh permissions and exit:

    FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
   exit;

6. Return to the original window, press Ctrl C to end the process of skipping permissions, and then restart the MySQL service:

    net start MySQL

3. Check whether the root user exists

Sometimes it may be that the root user was deleted by mistake, or the account was not created for 'root'@'localhost' .

You can log in through the skip permission method mentioned above and execute the following SQL to view user information:

 SELECT User, Host FROM mysql.user;

If you don't see the record of 'root'@'localhost' , you need to create it manually:

 CREATE USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Your Password';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

4. Other possible reasons

• The MySQL service is not running : Make sure the service has started, otherwise the connection will be reported and sometimes it will be displayed as access denied.
• Configuration file error : Check whether there is any content in my.cnf or my.ini file that affects permission settings.
• Plugin authentication problem : In some cases, using the auth_socket plug-in makes it impossible to log in with your password. You can modify it to use the mysql_native_password plug-in.

For example, modify the plugin method:

 ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'your password';

Basically, these common situations and solutions. Don’t panic when encountering this error. Start with the simplest password check and gradually troubleshoot permissions and user configuration issues.

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