How to write mysql stored procedure? What are the advantages?
May 28, 2025 pm 06:39 PM
The writing of MySQL stored procedures is not complicated, you can get started by mastering the basic syntax and common statements. Its core advantage lies in encapsulating database logic, reducing network transmission, improving execution efficiency, and enhancing code reusability and security. 1. The basic way to write stored procedures is to use DELIMITER to modify the separator, define the process name and parameters (IN input, OUT output, INOUT bidirectional) through CREATE PROCEDURE, and write SQL logic between BEGIN and END. For example, when querying employee information in a certain department, you can create a process with the dept_id parameter and call it. 2. The advantages of stored procedures include: 1. Reduce the number of network interactions; 2. Improve performance (compilation cache); 3. Enhance security (hidden table structure); 4. Convenient to maintain unified logic. 3. The main applicable scenarios are: complex data processing and multi-table correlation, high performance requirements and frequent calls, and the need to centrally manage business rules. It is not recommended to use cases where business changes frequently or team SQL capabilities are weak. After mastering it, you will find that it is actually very practical.
MySQL stored procedures are actually not difficult to write. You can get started by mastering the basic syntax structure and common statements. Its biggest advantage is that it can encapsulate the database logic, reduce network transmission, improve execution efficiency, and enhance code reusability and security.
1. How to write stored procedures? Basic grammar needs to be mastered
When writing a stored procedure, it mainly defines parameters, variables, and logical processes. The most basic format is as follows:
DELIMITER //
CREATE PROCEDURE Process name (parameter list)
BEGIN
-- Write SQL statement END //
DELIMITER ;To give a simple example, if you want to query all employee information in a certain department, you can write it like this:
DELIMITER //
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employees_by_dept(IN dept_id INT)
BEGIN
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE department_id = dept_id;
END //
DELIMITER ;It's very simple when calling:
CALL get_employees_by_dept(10);
Pay attention to a few points:
- Parameters can be
IN(input),OUT(output), orINOUT(bidirectional) - You must first change the delimiter (DELIMITER), otherwise the definition will be ended in advance
- Multiple SQL can be written between BEGIN and END, and control statements such as IF, LOOP, etc.
2. What are the advantages of stored procedures? Not just encapsulation logic
Many people think that writing SQL can’t just check it directly, so why do you need to write stored procedures? There are actually several practical benefits:
1. Reduce the number of network interactions
If you have a series of operations that require multiple access to the database, encapsulate these operations into a process and can be completed in one call on the server side, saving time for back and forth communication.
2. Improve performance
Stored procedures will be cached after the first compilation, and the compiled version will be used directly when calling subsequently, which is faster than parsing SQL every time.
3. Enhanced security
You can only give users permission to call stored procedures without exposing the underlying table structure to avoid misoperation or malicious queries.
4. Easy to maintain and unify logic
If all business logic is processed at the application layer, multiple systems may implement a set of logic separately, which is prone to errors. And it is uniformly placed in the database layer storage process, and it can be modified in one place and it will take effect, with higher consistency.
3. When is it suitable to use stored procedures?
Although stored procedures have advantages, they are not applicable everywhere. The following situations are more suitable for use:
Data processing is complex and involves multiple table correlation calculations
For example, in scenarios such as statistical reports and accounting settlement, writing logic into stored procedures can reduce the burden on the application layer.High performance requirements and frequent calls
Like timing tasks and high-frequency interfaces, using stored procedures can reduce round-trip communication overhead.Need to centrally manage business rules
Especially when multiple application systems share a database, stored procedures can help unify data logic.
However, some scenarios are not recommended, such as frequent business changes and development teams are not familiar with SQL, so it is more suitable to put logic in the application layer at this time.
Basically that's it. Stored procedures are not necessary tools, but they can indeed bring a lot of convenience in the right scenario. When you first write, you may feel a little confused, but if you practice it a few more times, you will find that it is actually quite practical.
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