How to create a one-to-many relationship in Laravel Eloquent?
Oct 12, 2025 am 12:16 AM
Set up the database with a foreign key in the "many" table (e.g., posts.user_id). 2. Use hasMany in the "one" model (User) to define the relationship. 3. Use belongsTo in the "many" model (Post) for the inverse. 4. Access related data via $user->posts or $post->user, and create records using $user->posts()->create().
To create a one-to-many relationship in Laravel Eloquent, you define the relationship in your model classes using Eloquent's built-in methods. This is commonly used when one record (e.g., a user) owns multiple related records (e.g., posts).
Define the Database Tables
Ensure your database schema supports the relationship. For example, if a User has many Posts, the posts table should have a user_id foreign key.
Schema::create('posts', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->id();
$table->unsignedBigInteger('user_id');
$table->string('title');
$table->text('content');
$table->timestamps();
$table->foreign('user_id')->references('id')->on('users')->onDelete('cascade');
});
Create the Eloquent Models
Create models for both entities if they don’t exist:
php artisan make:model Userphp artisan make:model Post
Define the Relationship in Models
In the User model (the "one" side), use the hasMany method:
class User extends Model
{
public function posts()
{
return $this->hasMany(Post::class);
}
}
In the Post model (the "many" side), define the inverse using belongsTo:
class Post extends Model
{
public function user()
{
return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
}
}
Using the Relationship
Once set up, you can access related data easily:
- Get all posts for a user:
$user->posts - Get the user who owns a post:
$post->user - Create a post for a user:
$user->posts()->create($request->validated())
Basically just set up the foreign key, define hasMany on the parent and belongsTo on the child, and Eloquent handles the rest.
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