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詳解.NET開(kāi)發(fā)微信公眾號(hào)之公眾號(hào)訊息處理方法

高洛峰

Mar 14, 2017 pm 02:09 PM

本文告訴大家的是在.net微信公眾號(hào)開(kāi)發(fā)中的公眾號(hào)的消息處理的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，非常詳細(xì)，有需要的小伙伴可以參考下。

一.前言

? 微信公眾平臺(tái)的訊息處理還是比較完善的，有最基本的文字訊息，到圖文訊息，到圖片訊息，語(yǔ)音訊息，影片訊息，音樂(lè)訊息其基本原理都是一樣的，只不過(guò)所post的xml資料有所差別，在處理訊息之前，我們要認(rèn)真閱讀，官方給我們的文件：http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/14/89b871b5466b19b3efa4ada8e577d45e.html。首先我們從最基本的文字訊息處理開(kāi)始。

<xml>
<ToUserName><![CDATA[toUser]]></ToUserName>
<FromUserName><![CDATA[fromUser]]></FromUserName>
<CreateTime>12345678</CreateTime>
<MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType>
<Content><![CDATA[你好]]></Content>
</xml>

? 我們可以看到這是訊息處理的一個(gè)最基本的模式，有發(fā)送者，接受者，創(chuàng)建時(shí)間，類型，內(nèi)容等等。

首先我們來(lái)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)訊息處理的類，這個(gè)類用來(lái)捕獲，所有的訊息請(qǐng)求，根據(jù)不同的訊息請(qǐng)求類型來(lái)處理不同的訊息回覆。

public class WeiXinService
  {
    /// <summary>
    /// TOKEN
    /// </summary>
    private const string TOKEN = "finder";
    /// <summary>
    /// 簽名
    /// </summary>
    private const string SIGNATURE = "signature";
    /// <summary>
    /// 時(shí)間戳
    /// </summary>
    private const string TIMESTAMP = "timestamp";
    /// <summary>
    /// 隨機(jī)數(shù)
    /// </summary>
    private const string NONCE = "nonce";
    /// <summary>
    /// 隨機(jī)字符串
    /// </summary>
    private const string ECHOSTR = "echostr";
    /// <summary>
    /// 
    /// </summary>
    private HttpRequest Request { get; set; }
    /// <summary>
    /// 構(gòu)造函數(shù)
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="request"></param>
    public WeiXinService(HttpRequest request)
    {
      this.Request = request;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 處理請(qǐng)求，產(chǎn)生響應(yīng)
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public string Response()
    {
      string method = Request.HttpMethod.ToUpper();
      //驗(yàn)證簽名
      if (method == "GET")
      {
        if (CheckSignature())
        {
          return Request.QueryString[ECHOSTR];
        }
        else
        {
          return "error";
        }
      }

      //處理消息
      if (method == "POST")
      {
        return ResponseMsg();
      }
      else
      {
        return "無(wú)法處理";
      }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 處理請(qǐng)求
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private string ResponseMsg()
    {
      string requestXml = CommonWeiXin.ReadRequest(this.Request);
      IHandler handler = HandlerFactory.CreateHandler(requestXml);
   
      if (handler != null)
      {
        return handler.HandleRequest();
      }

      return string.Empty;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 檢查簽名
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="request"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private bool CheckSignature()
    {
      string signature = Request.QueryString[SIGNATURE];
      string timestamp = Request.QueryString[TIMESTAMP];
      string nonce = Request.QueryString[NONCE];

      List<string> list = new List<string>();
      list.Add(TOKEN);
      list.Add(timestamp);
      list.Add(nonce);
      //排序
      list.Sort();
      //拼串
      string input = string.Empty;
      foreach (var item in list)
      {
        input += item;
      }
      //加密
      string new_signature = SecurityUtility.SHA1Encrypt(input);
      //驗(yàn)證
      if (new_signature == signature)
      {
        return true;
      }
      else
      {
        return false;
      }
    }
  }

在來(lái)看看我們的首先是如何捕獲訊息的。首頁(yè)Default.ashx的程式碼如下

    public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
    {
      context.Response.ContentType = "text/html";
      

      string postString = string.Empty;
      if (HttpContext.Current.Request.HttpMethod.ToUpper() == "POST")
      {
        //由微信服務(wù)接收請(qǐng)求，具體處理請(qǐng)求
        WeiXinService wxService = new WeiXinService(context.Request);
        string responseMsg = wxService.Response();
        context.Response.Clear();
        context.Response.Charset = "UTF-8";
        context.Response.Write(responseMsg);
        context.Response.End();
      }
      else
      {
        string token = "wei2414201";
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(token))
        {
          return;
        }

        string echoString = HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString["echoStr"];
        string signature = HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString["signature"];
        string timestamp = HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString["timestamp"];
        string nonce = HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString["nonce"];

        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(echoString))
        {
          HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(echoString);
          HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
        }
      }


    }

從上面的程式碼我們可以看到WeiXinService.cs類別中的訊息對(duì)應(yīng)至關(guān)重要。

    /// <summary>
    /// 處理請(qǐng)求
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private string ResponseMsg()
    {
      string requestXml = CommonWeiXin.ReadRequest(this.Request);
      IHandler handler = HandlerFactory.CreateHandler(requestXml);
   
      if (handler != null)
      {
        return handler.HandleRequest();
      }

      return string.Empty;
    }

IHandler是一個(gè)訊息處理介面#，其下面有EventHandler，TextHandler處理類別實(shí)作這個(gè)介面。程式碼如下

  /// <summary>
  /// 處理接口
  /// </summary>
  public interface IHandler
  {
    /// <summary>
    /// 處理請(qǐng)求
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    string HandleRequest();
  }

EventHandler

class EventHandler : IHandler
  {
    /// <summary>
    /// 請(qǐng)求的xml
    /// </summary>
    private string RequestXml { get; set; }
    /// <summary>
    /// 構(gòu)造函數(shù)
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="requestXml"></param>
    public EventHandler(string requestXml)
    {
      this.RequestXml = requestXml;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 處理請(qǐng)求
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public string HandleRequest()
    {
      string response = string.Empty;
      EventMessage em = EventMessage.LoadFromXml(RequestXml);
      if (em.Event.Equals("subscribe", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))//用來(lái)判斷是不是首次關(guān)注
      {


        PicTextMessage tm = new PicTextMessage();//我自己創(chuàng)建的一個(gè)圖文消息處理類
        tm.ToUserName = em.FromUserName;
        tm.FromUserName = em.ToUserName;
        tm.CreateTime = CommonWeiXin.GetNowTime();
        response = tm.GenerateContent();

      }

      return response;
    }
  }

TextHandler

  /// <summary>
  /// 文本信息處理類
  /// </summary>
  public class TextHandler : IHandler
  {
    string openid { get; set; }
    string access_token { get; set; }

    /// <summary>
    /// 請(qǐng)求的XML
    /// </summary>
    private string RequestXml { get; set; }
    /// <summary>
    /// 構(gòu)造函數(shù)
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="requestXml">請(qǐng)求的xml</param>
    public TextHandler(string requestXml)
    {
      this.RequestXml = requestXml;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 處理請(qǐng)求
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public string HandleRequest()
    {
      string response = string.Empty;
      TextMessage tm = TextMessage.LoadFromXml(RequestXml);
      string content = tm.Content.Trim();
      if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(content))
      {
        response = "您什么都沒(méi)輸入，沒(méi)法幫您啊。";
      }
      else
      {
          string username = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["weixinid"].ToString();
          AccessToken token = AccessToken.Get(username);
          access_token = token.access_token;
          openid = tm.FromUserName;
          response = HandleOther(content);
        
      }
      tm.Content = response;
      //進(jìn)行發(fā)送者、接收者轉(zhuǎn)換
      string temp = tm.ToUserName;
      tm.ToUserName = tm.FromUserName;
      tm.FromUserName = temp;
      response = tm.GenerateContent();
      return response;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 處理其他消息
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="tm"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private string HandleOther(string requestContent)
    {
      string response = string.Empty;
      if (requestContent.Contains("你好") || requestContent.Contains("您好"))
      {
        response = "您也好~";
      }else if (requestContent.Contains("openid") || requestContent.Contains("id") || requestContent.Contains("ID"))//用來(lái)匹配用戶輸入的關(guān)鍵字
      {
        response = "你的Openid: "+openid;
      }
      else if (requestContent.Contains("token") || requestContent.Contains("access_token"))
      {
        response = "你的access_token: " + access_token;
      }else 
      {
        response = "試試其他關(guān)鍵字吧。";
      }
      return response;
    }
  }

HandlerFactory

  /// <summary>
  /// 處理器工廠類
  /// </summary>
  public class HandlerFactory
  {
    /// <summary>
    /// 創(chuàng)建處理器
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="requestXml">請(qǐng)求的xml</param>
    /// <returns>IHandler對(duì)象</returns>
    public static IHandler CreateHandler(string requestXml)
    {
      IHandler handler = null;
      if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(requestXml))
      {
        //解析數(shù)據(jù)
        XmlDocument doc = new System.Xml.XmlDocument();
        doc.LoadXml(requestXml);
        XmlNode node = doc.SelectSingleNode("/xml/MsgType");
        if (node != null)
        {
          XmlCDataSection section = node.FirstChild as XmlCDataSection;
          if (section != null)
          {
            string msgType = section.Value;

            switch (msgType)
            {
              case "text":
                handler = new TextHandler(requestXml);
                break;
              case "event":
                handler = new EventHandler(requestXml);
                break;
            }
          }
        }
      }

      return handler;
    }
  }

?在這裡基本的一些類別已經(jīng)完成了，現(xiàn)在我們來(lái)完成，關(guān)注我們的微信公眾號(hào)，我們就發(fā)送一條圖文訊息，同時(shí)輸入我們的一些關(guān)鍵字，回傳一些訊息，例如輸入id回傳用戶的openid等等。

二.PicTextMessage

public class PicTextMessage : Message
  {
    /// <summary>
    /// 模板靜態(tài)字段
    /// </summary>
    private static string m_Template;

    /// <summary>
    /// 默認(rèn)構(gòu)造函數(shù)
    /// </summary>
    public PicTextMessage()
    {
      this.MsgType = "news";
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 從xml數(shù)據(jù)加載文本消息
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="xml"></param>
    public static PicTextMessage LoadFromXml(string xml)
    {
      PicTextMessage tm = null;
      if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(xml))
      {
        XElement element = XElement.Parse(xml);
        if (element != null)
        {
          tm = new PicTextMessage();
          tm.FromUserName = element.Element(CommonWeiXin.FROM_USERNAME).Value;
          tm.ToUserName = element.Element(CommonWeiXin.TO_USERNAME).Value;
          tm.CreateTime = element.Element(CommonWeiXin.CREATE_TIME).Value;
        }
      }

      return tm;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 模板
    /// </summary>
    public override string Template
    {
      get
      {
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(m_Template))
        {
          LoadTemplate();
        }

        return m_Template;
      }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 生成內(nèi)容
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public override string GenerateContent()
    {
      this.CreateTime = CommonWeiXin.GetNowTime();
      string str= string.Format(this.Template, this.ToUserName, this.FromUserName, this.CreateTime);
      return str;
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 加載模板
    /// </summary>
    private static void LoadTemplate()
    {
      m_Template= @"<xml>
              <ToUserName><![CDATA[{0}]]></ToUserName>
              <FromUserName><![CDATA[{1}]]></FromUserName>
              <CreateTime>{2}</CreateTime>
              <MsgType><![CDATA[news]]></MsgType>
              <ArticleCount>1</ArticleCount>
              <Articles>
                <item>
                <Title><![CDATA[有位停車歡迎你！]]></Title> 
                <Description><![CDATA[如有問(wèn)題請(qǐng)致電400-6238-136或直接在微信留言，我們將第一時(shí)間為您服務(wù)!]]></Description>
                <PicUrl><![CDATA[http://ipnx.cn/]]></PicUrl>
                <Url><![CDATA[http://ipnx.cn/]]></Url>
                </item>
              </Articles>
            </xml> ";
    }
  }

最後我們的效果如下所示；

詳解.NET開(kāi)發(fā)微信公眾號(hào)之公眾號(hào)訊息處理方法