tracert 是Windows 中用於診斷網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接問題的工具，它通過顯示數(shù)據(jù)從計(jì)算機(jī)到目標(biāo)服務(wù)器所經(jīng)過的每一跳來幫助識(shí)別延遲、超時(shí)或路由問題。 1. 打開命令提示符：按Win R，輸入cmd 並回車。 2. 執(zhí)行基本跟蹤：輸入tracert google.com（將目標(biāo)替換為所需網(wǎng)址或IP）。 3. 解讀結(jié)果：每跳顯示三次響應(yīng)時(shí)間，高延遲可能表示擁塞，星號(hào)（*）表示無響應(yīng)，可能是防火牆屏蔽或設(shè)備故障。 4. 使用可選參數(shù)：-d 跳過主機(jī)名解析，-h 設(shè)置最大跳數(shù)，-w 增加超時(shí)時(shí)間。 5. 實(shí)際應(yīng)用場景包括檢測網(wǎng)站無法訪問、定位網(wǎng)絡(luò)延遲點(diǎn)、協(xié)助技術(shù)支持排查問題，並可與ping 命令結(jié)合使用。 6. 注意限制：ICMP 包可能被過濾，路徑不固定，負(fù)載均衡和NAT 可能影響準(zhǔn)確性，但tracert 仍是一個(gè)快速有效的初步診斷工具。

The tracert (Trace Route) command in Windows is a powerful tool for diagnosing network connectivity issues. It helps you identify the path your data takes from your computer to a destination server, showing each hop (router or gateway) along the way. This can be useful for spotting delays, timeouts, or routing problems on the internet or within your local network.

Here's how to use tracert effectively:

1. Open Command Prompt

To run tracert , you need to open the Command Prompt:

• Press Win R , type cmd , and press Enter.
• Or search for "Command Prompt" in the Start menu.

You don't need administrator privileges for basic tracing, but it's safe to run it either way.

2. Run a Basic Tracert

Type the following command and press Enter:

 tracert google.com

Replace google.com with any website or IP address you want to trace.

What you'll see:

• A list of hops (routers) between your PC and the destination.
• For each hop, you'll typically see:
  • Hop number
  • Response times (in milliseconds) from three separate probes
  • IP address (and sometimes hostname) of the router

Example output:

 1 1 ms 1 ms 1 ms 192.168.1.1
2 10 ms 9 ms 11 ms 10.10.0.1
3 25 ms 24 ms 26 ms 203.0.113.45
...

3. Interpreting the Results

Understanding the output helps pinpoint where problems occur:

• High latency (slow response times): If one hop shows a big jump in response time (eg, from 20ms to 300ms), that could indicate network congestion or a slow link.
• * Asterisks (` `):** These mean no response was received from that hop. It might be due to:
  • A firewall blocking ICMP packets (common with some routers)
  • A downed or unreachable device
  • Packet loss
• Consistent timeouts after a certain point: Suggests a routing issue or outage beyond that hop.

Note: Some routers are configured not to respond to traceroute requests for security reasons, so missing responses don't always mean a problem.

4. Useful Tracert Options

While tracert has fewer options than Linux's traceroute , here are a few helpful switches:

• -d – Skip hostname resolution

   tracert -d google.com

  Speeds up the trace by not trying to resolve IP addresses to hostnames.

• -h – Set maximum hops

   tracert -h 20 google.com

  Limits the number of hops before stopping (default is 30). Useful if the trace takes too long.

• -w – Set timeout (in milliseconds)

   tracert -w 5000 google.com

  Increases the wait time per reply (default is 4 seconds). Helps if the network is slow.

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  5. Practical Use Cases

  Here are common scenarios where tracert helps:

  • Website not loading? Run tracert to see if the connection fails at a specific hop.
  • Slow internet? Identify where latency spikes occur—within your ISP or farther out.
  • Troubleshooting with support: Provide a tracert output to your ISP or IT department to help them diagnose routing issues.

  Tip: Combine tracert with ping . If ping shows packet loss, use tracert to find where the loss starts.

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  6. Limitations to Keep in Mind

  • Uses ICMP packets, which some networks filter or deprioritize.
  • Results show one path; internet traffic may take different routes at different times.
  • Doesn't work well with some modern networks using load balancing or NAT.

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  Using tracert won't fix network issues directly, but it gives you insight into where the problem might be—your router, your ISP, or somewhere on the internet. It's a quick, built-in tool that's great for basic diagnostics.

  Basically, if you're having trouble reaching a website or service, tracert is one of the first things to try.

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