使用template.ParseFS與embed包可將HTML模板編譯進(jìn)二進(jìn)製文件。 1. 導(dǎo)入embed包並用//go:embed templates/.html將模板文件嵌入embed.FS變量；2. 調(diào)用template.Must(template.ParseFS(templateFS, "templates/.html"))解析所有匹配的模板文件；3. 在HTTP處理器中通過tmpl.ExecuteTemplate(w, "home.html", nil)渲染指定模板。此方法無需運(yùn)行時依賴外部文件，生成自包含的可執(zhí)行文件，且路徑和擴(kuò)展名需完全匹配，確保大小寫和通配符模式正確。

Starting with Go 1.16, you can use the embed package along with template.ParseFS to load HTML templates (or any text-based templates) directly from the filesystem at compile time. This is especially useful for web applications where you want to bundle templates into the binary.

Here's how to use template.ParseFS with //go:embed .

? Step 1: Embed Files Using embed

First, import the embed package and use the //go:embed directive to include your template files.

 package main

import (
    "embed"
    "html/template"
    "net/http"
)

Suppose you have a directory called templates/ with files like:

 templates/
  home.html
  layout.html
  footer.html

You can embed the entire directory:

 //go:embed templates/*.html
var templateFS embed.FS

Note: You can also use templates/ to include subdirectories, or be more specific with patterns.

? Step 2: Parse Templates Using template.ParseFS

Now use template.ParseFS to parse the embedded files:

 tmpl := template.Must(template.ParseFS(templateFS, "templates/*.html"))

This reads all .html files in the templates/ directory and parses them into a *template.Template .

If you have nested directories:

 //go:embed templates/*
var templateFS embed.FS

tmpl := template.Must(template.ParseFS(templateFS, "templates/**/*.html"))

The ** allows recursive matching.

? Step 3: Use the Template in an HTTP Handler

 func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    err := tmpl.ExecuteTemplate(w, "home.html", nil)
    if err != nil {
        http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
    }
}

Then register it:

 func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/", handler)
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

? Example Directory Structure

 project/
├── main.go
├── templates/
│ ├── home.html
│ ├── layout.html
│ └── footer.html

main.go :

 package main

import (
    "embed"
    "html/template"
    "net/http"
)

//go:embed templates/*.html
var templateFS embed.FS

func main() {
    tmpl := template.Must(template.ParseFS(templateFS, "templates/*.html"))

    http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        err := tmpl.ExecuteTemplate(w, "home.html", nil)
        if err != nil {
            http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
        }
    })

    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

?? Common Pitfalls

• File extension matters : Make sure the template filenames match what you pass to ExecuteTemplate .
• Glob pattern must match : If your files aren't being picked up, double-check the glob pattern in ParseFS .
• Case sensitivity : Embedded paths are case-sensitive.
• Don't forget the embed import — even if you don't use it directly, it's required for //go:embed to work.

? Summary

To use template.ParseFS with embed :

1. Use //go:embed to embed template files into an embed.FS variable.
2. Call template.ParseFS(fs, "pattern") to parse matching files.
3. Execute the desired template by name.

This approach avoids relying on external files at runtime and creates a fully self-contained binary.

Basically, that's it — clean, efficient, and idiomatic Go.

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