創(chuàng)建自定義小部件在Yii中並不復(fù)雜，以下是具體步驟。 1. 首先設(shè)置小部件類結(jié)構(gòu)，在widgets目錄下創(chuàng)建新類並繼承yii\base\Widget；2. 接著在run()方法中渲染視圖以生成更複雜的HTML內(nèi)容；3. 然後在視圖文件中使用小部件並通過widget()方法調(diào)用；4. 最後可選地添加配置選項(xiàng)和邏輯，如限制顯示數(shù)量、支持緩存等，以增強(qiáng)功能和靈活性。

Creating a custom widget in Yii isn't as complicated as it might sound, especially if you're already familiar with the basics of Yii development. A widget is essentially a reusable component that can be embedded into views to encapsulate functionality — things like navigation menus, data displays, or even small forms.

Here's how to build your own basic custom widget in Yii 2.

1. Set Up the Widget Class Structure

The first step is to create a new class file for your widget. Widgets are usually placed under the widgets directory inside your application (or module), and they extend yii\base\Widget .

So, for example, if you want to create a widget called RecentPosts , you'd create:

 /widgets/RecentPosts.php

Inside this file, define the class structure:

 namespace app\widgets;

use yii\base\Widget;
use yii\helpers\Html;

class RecentPosts extends Widget
{
    public $title = 'Recent Posts';

    public function init()
    {
        parent::init();
        // You can do any setup here if needed
    }

    public function run()
    {
        return Html::tag('div', $this->title, ['class' => 'recent-posts']);
    }
}

This basic version just outputs a div with a title. We'll expand on this next.

2. Render a View Inside the Widget

Most widgets will need to render more than a simple string — probably a list or some structured HTML. To do that, use the render() method inside the run() function.

Let's say you have a _recent-posts.php view file located at @app/views/widgets/recent-posts.php . Update the run() method like so:

 public function run()
{
    return $this->render('recent-posts', [
        'title' => $this->title,
        'posts' => $this->getRecentPosts(), // assuming this method exists
    ]);
}

Make sure you have the view file ready. Here's what it could look like:

 <!-- @app/views/widgets/recent-posts.php -->
<div class="recent-posts">
    <h3><?= Html::encode($title) ?></h3>
    <ul>
        <?php foreach ($posts as $post): ?>
            <li><?= Html::a($post->title, [&#39;post/view&#39;, &#39;id&#39; => $post->id]) ?></li>
        <?php endforeach; ?>
    </ul>
</div>

This makes your widget more flexible and easier to customize later.

3. Use the Widget in a View

Once your widget is created, using it in a view is straightforward. Just call it like any other widget:

 <?= \app\widgets\RecentPosts::widget([
    &#39;title&#39; => &#39;Latest Articles&#39;,
]) ?>

Or if you're using the namespace at the top of your view file, you can simplify it:

 <?php
use app\widgets\RecentPosts;
?>

<?= RecentPosts::widget([&#39;title&#39; => &#39;Latest Articles&#39;]) ?>

You can also pass additional parameters depending on how your widget is built — like limit, category filter, etc.

4. Optional: Add Configuration and Logic

Widgets often accept configuration options. For example, you might want to let users decide how many posts to show:

 public $limit = 5;

public function getRecentPosts()
{
    return Post::find()->limit($this->limit)->all();
}

Then in the view, loop through $posts as usual.

Some common enhancements:

• Adding CSS classes or IDs via config
• Supporting caching
• Using assets (like JS/CSS files specific to the widget)

These are optional but helpful when building production-ready widgets.

That's basically all you need to know to start writing your own widgets in Yii. It's not overly complex, but there are a few moving parts — especially around where to place files and how to structure the class. Once you've got one working, though, reusing and expanding them becomes second nature.

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