1. PHPDoc是一種基於JavaDoc的PHP文檔標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，使用特殊註釋塊（/* ... /）為代碼添加類型和行為信息，不改變運(yùn)行時行為；2. 核心標(biāo)籤包括@param（參數(shù)類型）、@return（返回值類型）、@var（變量/屬性類型）和@throws（可能拋出的異常），提升IDE智能提示與靜態(tài)分析能力；3. 實(shí)踐建議：優(yōu)先使用PHP原生類型聲明，PHPDoc用於復(fù)雜類型如數(shù)組結(jié)構(gòu)，保持註釋準(zhǔn)確並與代碼同步更新，逐步在新函數(shù)中添加@param和@return以養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)代碼自文檔化並增強(qiáng)工具支持。

If you're diving into PHP development—especially if you're working on larger projects or collaborating with others—getting comfortable with PHPDoc is a smart move. It's not just about adding comments; it's about making your code self-documenting, improving IDE support, and enabling tools like PHPStan or Psalm to catch bugs early.

Here's how to get started with PHPDoc in a practical, no-fluff way:

? What Is PHPDoc?

PHPDoc is a documentation standard (based on JavaDoc) that lets you annotate your PHP code using special comment blocks ( /** ... */ ). These annotations help tools and developers understand:

• What a function expects and returns
• What a class property is for
• Which parameters are required or optional

It doesn't affect runtime—it's purely for static analysis and documentation generation.

? Key Tags You'll Use Most

Start with these core tags—they cover 90% of real-world needs:

• @param – Describes a function/method parameter

   /**
   * @param string $name
   * @param int $age
   */
  function greet($name, $age) { ... }

• @return – Specifies what a function returns

   /** @return array<string, mixed> */
  function getConfig() { ... }

• @var – Documents a variable or property type

   /** @var string */
  private $email;

• @throws – Lists exceptions a method might throw

   /** @throws InvalidArgumentException */
  public function validate($input) { ... }

These tags make your IDE smarter—it'll autocomplete, warn about wrong types, and help you write better code faster.

? Pro Tips for Real Projects

• Use native types when possible
  PHP 7 supports scalar type hints ( string , int , etc.). Use them in code , and PHPDoc for complex cases like arrays or unions:

   function process(array $items): bool // ? native types

  vs

   /** @param array<string, mixed> $items */ // ? PHPDoc for clarity

• Keep it accurate
  Outdated PHPDoc is worse than none. If your function now returns null|User , update the @return —don't leave it as @return User .

• IDEs love it
  PhpStorm, VS Code with PHP Intelephense, and others use PHPDoc to power autocomplete, refactoring, and error detection. Try typing $user-> after a properly annotated method—you'll see real-time suggestions.

?? Bonus: Tools That Use PHPDoc

• PHPStan / Psalm – Static analyzers that rely on PHPDoc for deeper type checking
• IDE autocomplete – Works better with @var and @return
• ApiGen / phpDocumentor – Generate HTML docs from your PHPDoc comments

You don't need to generate full docs right away—but writing PHPDoc as if you will forces clarity.

Basically, just start small: add @param and @return to new functions. Over time, it becomes second nature—and your future self (and teammates) will thank you.

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