Laravel Scout 是Laravel 內(nèi)置的工具，用於為Eloquent 模型添加搜索功能。 1. 安裝Scout 並發(fā)布配置文件；2. 在模型中使用Searchable trait 以使其可搜索；3. 使用Artisan 命令導(dǎo)入現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)到索引；4. 使用search 方法執(zhí)行搜索並支持分頁和條件過濾；5. Scout 自動監(jiān)聽Eloquent 事件保持索引同步，也可通過withoutSyncingToSearch 暫停同步；6. 支持軟刪除模型，並可通過切換驅(qū)動擴(kuò)展至Algolia 或Meilisearch 實現(xiàn)更強大的搜索功能。

When you're building a Laravel app and need to add full-text search functionality, Laravel Scout is the built-in tool that makes this easier. It provides a simple, driver-based solution for adding searching to your Eloquent models using services like Algolia or Meilisearch. Here's how to get it working effectively.

Setting Up Laravel Scout

Before diving into implementation, make sure Scout is installed. If you're using Laravel 8 or later, it might already be included. If not, install it via Composer:

 composer require laravel/scout

Then publish the configuration file:

 php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Laravel\Scout\ScoutServiceProvider"

In the .env file, set the SCOUT_DRIVER you want to use—common options are algolia , meilisearch , or database . For local development, the database driver can work fine.

Also, don't forget to import the Searchable trait in any model you want to index.

Making Models Searchable

To enable search on a model (like a Post model), use the Searchable trait:

 use Laravel\Scout\Searchable;

class Post extends Model
{
    use Searchable;
}

Now, when you save or update a Post instance, Scout will automatically keep the search index in sync.

If you already have existing records in the database, you'll need to import them into the index:

 php artisan scout:import "App\Models\Post"

This command will batch-import all posts into the search engine. You can also run scout:flush if you ever need to clear the index.

Performing Searches

Once everything's indexed, performing searches is straightforward. Use the search method on your model:

 $posts = Post::search('Laravel')->get();

You can also paginate results:

 $posts = Post::search('framework')->paginate(15);

If you're using Algolia or Meilisearch, you can pass additional conditions or filters. For example:

 Post::search('Laravel')
    ->where('published', true)
    ->orderBy('created_at', 'desc')
    ->get();

These vary slightly depending on the driver, so check the documentation for specific syntax support.

Keeping Indexes Updated

Scout listens to Eloquent events like saved , deleted , and updated to keep your search index fresh. However, there are cases where you may want to temporarily disable syncing—like during bulk imports or testing.

To pause indexing:

 Post::withoutSyncingToSearch(function () {
    // Perform actions without updating the search index
});

Also, if you're running tests, consider setting SCOUT_QUEUEING=false in your .env.testing file to avoid queued updates interfering with test assertions.

Another thing to note: if you're using soft deletes, make sure to implement the SoftDeletes trait in your model. Scout respects soft-deleted models by default and won't include them in search results unless you explicitly ask for them.

Depending on your needs, Scout can scale from basic full-text search with the database driver to powerful, real-time search engines like Meilisearch or Algolia. With just a few steps, you can have fast, reliable search functionality integrated into your Laravel app.

That's basically it — nothing too complex, but easy to miss small config steps or sync behaviors if you're not paying attention.

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