HTML5的

Handling media playback on the web used to be a pain—plugins, compatibility issues, you name it. But HTML5 changed the game with native <video></video> and <audio></audio> tags. They're straightforward, widely supported, and don't require extra libraries for basic use.

Basic Usage: Embedding Video and Audio

Getting started is simple. Just drop a <video></video> or <audio></audio> tag into your HTML with a src pointing to your media file. You can also add controls so users can play, pause, and adjust volume.

For video:

 <video src="movie.mp4" controls></video>

For audio:

 <audio src="music.mp3" controls></audio>

You'll usually want to include multiple source formats in case a browser doesn't support one. That's where the <source> element comes in handy:

 <video controls>
  <source src="movie.mp4" type="video/mp4">
  <source src="movie.webm" type="video/webm">
  Your browser does not support the video tag.
</video>

This way, browsers will tr??y each format until they find one that works.

Controlling Playback with JavaScript

If you need more control than just clicking "play," JavaScript gives you access to methods and events. For example, you can play or pause from a button click:

 <button onclick="document.querySelector(&#39;video&#39;).play()">Play</button>
<button onclick="document.querySelector(&#39;video&#39;).pause()">Pause</button>

Or listen for events like when the video ends:

 const video = document.querySelector('video');
video.addEventListener('ended', () => {
  console.log('Video finished playing');
});

Some useful properties and methods:

• .play() – starts playback
• .pause() – pauses playback
• .currentTime – get or set the current playback position
• .volume – adjust volume (0.0 to 1.0)
• .muted – mute or unmute
• .duration – get total length of media (in seconds)

You can build custom controls or sync media with animations or scroll effects using these tools.

Styling and Custom Controls

The default player looks different across browsers, which might clash with your design. If you want a consistent look, hide the default controls and create your own.

Start by removing the controls attribute and adding a wrapper:

 <div class="custom-video-player">
  <video id="myVideo"></video>
  <button id="playButton">Play</button>
</div>

Then style it how you like:

 .custom-video-player {
  position: relative;
  width: 640px;
}

#playButton {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 10px;
  left: 10px;
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.7);
  color: white;
  border: none;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  cursor: pointer;
}

Hook up the JS:

 document.getElementById('playButton').addEventListener('click', () => {
  const video = document.getElementById('myVideo');
  if (video.paused) {
    video.play();
  } else {
    video.pause();
  }
});

You can go further by adding progress bars, volume sliders, or fullscreen toggles this way. It takes a bit more work but gives full control over the user experience.

Handling Autoplay and Muting

Autoplay used to be easy, but now most browsers block it unless the video is muted. So if you want something to start playing right away:

 <video autoplay muted playsinline controls>
  <source src="intro.mp4" type="video/mp4">
</video>

• autoplay – tries to start without user interaction
• muted – required in many cases for autoplay to work
• playsinline – prevents iOS from forcing fullscreen mode

Also, some mobile browsers still have quirks, so test on actual devices if autoplay is critical.

That's basically it. The HTML5 media elements are pretty powerful out of the box, and once you understand how to control them with JavaScript and style them yourself, you can do a lot without needing third-party libraries.

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