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CSS3 動(dòng)畫屬性

CSS3新增動(dòng)畫屬性「@keyframes」,從字面就可以看出其意義——關(guān)鍵幀,這與Flash中的意義一致。利用CSS3製作動(dòng)畫效果其原理與Flash一樣,我們需要定義關(guān)鍵影格處的狀態(tài)效果,由CSS3來驅(qū)動(dòng)產(chǎn)生動(dòng)畫效果。

語法

@keyframes?animationname {keyframes-selector {css-styles;}}
animationname 必要。定義動(dòng)畫的名稱。
keyframes-selector
必備。動(dòng)畫時(shí)長(zhǎng)的百分比。
合法的值:
0-100%
from(與 0% 相同)
to(與 100% 相同)
css-styles 必要。一個(gè)或多個(gè)合法的 CSS 樣式屬性。

定義和用法
透過?@keyframes?規(guī)則,您能夠建立動(dòng)畫。
創(chuàng)建動(dòng)畫的原理是,將一套 CSS 樣式逐漸改變?yōu)榱硪惶讟邮健?
在動(dòng)畫過程中,您能夠多次改變這套 CSS 樣式。
以百分比來規(guī)定改變發(fā)生的時(shí)間,或透過關(guān)鍵字 "from" 和 "to",等價(jià)於 0% 和 100%。
0% 是動(dòng)畫的開始時(shí)間,100% 動(dòng)畫的結(jié)束時(shí)間。
為了獲得最佳的瀏覽器支持,您應(yīng)該始終定義 0% 和 100% 選擇器。
註解:請(qǐng)使用動(dòng)畫屬性來控制動(dòng)畫的外觀,同時(shí)將動(dòng)畫與選擇器綁定。

瀏覽器支援狀況

目前瀏覽器都不支援?@keyframes?規(guī)則。
Firefox 支援替代的 @-moz-keyframes?規(guī)則。
Opera 支援替代的 @-o-keyframes?規(guī)則。
Safari 和 Chrome 支援替代的 @-webkit-keyframes?規(guī)則。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>php中文網(wǎng)(php.cn)</title> 
    <style type="text/css">
        div {
            width: 100px;
            height: 100px;
            background: #ff72cc;
            position: relative;
            animation: mymove 5s infinite;
            -moz-animation: mymove 5s infinite; /* Firefox */
            -webkit-animation: mymove 5s infinite; /* Safari and Chrome */
            -o-animation: mymove 5s infinite; /* Opera */
        }
        @keyframes mymove {
            0% {
                top: 0px;
            }
            25% {
                top: 200px;
            }
            75% {
                top: 50px
            }
            100% {
                top: 100px;
            }
        }
        @-moz-keyframes mymove /* Firefox */
        {
            0% {
                top: 0px;
            }
            25% {
                top: 200px;
            }
            75% {
                top: 50px
            }
            100% {
                top: 100px;
            }
        }
        @-webkit-keyframes mymove /* Safari and Chrome */
        {
            0% {
                top: 0px;
            }
            25% {
                top: 200px;
            }
            75% {
                top: 50px
            }
            100% {
                top: 100px;
            }
        }
        @-o-keyframes mymove /* Opera */
        {
            0% {
                top: 0px;
            }
            25% {
                top: 200px;
            }
            75% {
                top: 50px
            }
            100% {
                top: 100px;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>

CSS3 動(dòng)畫

當(dāng)在?@keyframes?建立動(dòng)畫,把它綁定到一個(gè)選擇器,否則動(dòng)畫不會(huì)有任何效果。

指定至少這兩個(gè)CSS3的動(dòng)畫屬性綁定定向一個(gè)選擇器:

規(guī)定動(dòng)畫的名稱

規(guī)定動(dòng)畫的時(shí)長(zhǎng)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>php中文網(wǎng)(php.cn)</title> 
    <style type="text/css">
            div {
            width: 100px;
            height: 100px;
            background: red;
            position: relative;
            animation: mymove 5s infinite;
            -moz-animation: mymove 5s infinite; /* Firefox */
            -webkit-animation: mymove 5s infinite; /* Safari and Chrome */
            -o-animation: mymove 5s infinite; /* Opera */
        }
        @keyframes mymove {
            0% {
                top: 0px;
                background: red;
                width: 100px;
            }
            100% {
                top: 200px;
                background: yellow;
                width: 300px;
            }
        }
        @-moz-keyframes mymove /* Firefox */
        {
            0% {
                top: 0px;
                background: red;
                width: 100px;
            }
            100% {
                top: 200px;
                background: yellow;
                width: 300px;
            }
        }
        @-webkit-keyframes mymove /* Safari and Chrome */
        {
            0% {
                top: 0px;
                background: red;
                width: 100px;
            }
            100% {
                top: 200px;
                background: yellow;
                width: 300px;
            }
        }
        @-o-keyframes mymove /* Opera */
        {
            0% {
                top: 0px;
                background: red;
                width: 100px;
            }
            100% {
                top: 200px;
                background: yellow;
                width: 300px;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
  <p><b>注釋:</b>本例在 Internet Explorer 中無效。</p>
  <div></div>
</body>
</html>

CSS3的動(dòng)畫屬性

下面的表格列出了@keyframes 規(guī)則和所有動(dòng)畫屬性:

屬性? ? ? ??描述? ? ? ? ? ?CSS

@keyframes ? ?規(guī)定動(dòng)畫。 ? ?3 ? ?

animation ? ?所有動(dòng)畫屬性的簡(jiǎn)寫屬性,除了 animation-play-state 屬性。 ? ?3 ? ?

animation-name ? ?規(guī)定 @keyframes 動(dòng)畫的名稱。 ? ?3 ? ?

animation-duration ? ?規(guī)定動(dòng)畫完成一個(gè)週期所花費(fèi)的秒或毫秒。預(yù)設(shè)是 0。 ? ?3 ? ?

animation-timing-function ? ?規(guī)定動(dòng)畫的速度曲線。預(yù)設(shè)是 "ease"。 ? ?3 ? ?

animation-delay ? ?規(guī)定動(dòng)畫何時(shí)開始。預(yù)設(shè)是 0。 ? ?3 ? ?

animation-iteration-count ? ?規(guī)定動(dòng)畫被播放的次數(shù)。預(yù)設(shè)是 1。 ? ?3 ? ?

animation-direction ? ?規(guī)定動(dòng)畫是否在下一週期反向播放。預(yù)設(shè)是 "normal"。 ? ?3 ? ?

animation-play-state ? ?規(guī)定動(dòng)畫是否正在運(yùn)作或暫停。預(yù)設(shè)是 "running"。 ? ?3 ? ?

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>php中文網(wǎng)(php.cn)</title> 
    <style type="text/css">
        div {
            width: 100px;
            height: 100px;
            background: red;
            position: relative;
            animation: mymove 5s infinite;
            -moz-animation: mymove 5s infinite; /* Firefox */
            -webkit-animation: mymove 5s infinite; /* Safari and Chrome */
            -o-animation: mymove 5s infinite; /* Opera */
           }
        @keyframes mymove {
            0% {
                top: 0px;
                left: 0px;
                background: red;
            }
            25% {
                top: 0px;
                left: 100px;
                background: blue;
            }
            50% {
                top: 100px;
                left: 100px;
                background: yellow;
            }
            75% {
                top: 100px;
                left: 0px;
                background: green;
            }
            100% {
                top: 0px;
                left: 0px;
                background: red;
            }
        }
        @-moz-keyframes mymove /* Firefox */
        {
            0% {
                top: 0px;
                left: 0px;
                background: red;
            }
            25% {
                top: 0px;
                left: 100px;
                background: blue;
            }
            50% {
                top: 100px;
                left: 100px;
                background: yellow;
            }
            75% {
                top: 100px;
                left: 0px;
                background: green;
            }
            100% {
                top: 0px;
                left: 0px;
                background: red;
            }
        }
        @-webkit-keyframes mymove /* Safari and Chrome */
        {
            0% {
                top: 0px;
                left: 0px;
                background: red;
            }
            25% {
                top: 0px;
                left: 100px;
                background: blue;
            }
            50% {
                top: 100px;
                left: 100px;
                background: yellow;
            }
            75% {
                top: 100px;
                left: 0px;
                background: green;
            }
            100% {
                top: 0px;
                left: 0px;
                background: red;
            }
        }  
        @-o-keyframes mymove /* Opera */
        {
            0% {
                top: 0px;
                left: 0px;
                background: red;
            }
            25% {
                top: 0px;
                left: 100px;
                background: blue;
            }
            50% {
                top: 100px;
                left: 100px;
                background: yellow;
            }
            75% {
                top: 100px;
                left: 0px;
                background: green;
            }
            100% {
                top: 0px;
                left: 0px;
                background: red;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
  <p><b>注釋:</b>本例在 Internet Explorer 中無效。</p>
  <div></div>
</body>
</html>


繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)
||
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>php中文網(wǎng)(php.cn)</title> <style type="text/css"> div { width: 100px; height: 100px; background: red; position: relative; animation: mymove 5s infinite; -moz-animation: mymove 5s infinite; /* Firefox */ -webkit-animation: mymove 5s infinite; /* Safari and Chrome */ -o-animation: mymove 5s infinite; /* Opera */ } @keyframes mymove { 0% { top: 0px; background: red; width: 100px; } 100% { top: 200px; background: yellow; width: 300px; } } @-moz-keyframes mymove /* Firefox */ { 0% { top: 0px; background: red; width: 100px; } 100% { top: 200px; background: yellow; width: 300px; } } @-webkit-keyframes mymove /* Safari and Chrome */ { 0% { top: 0px; background: red; width: 100px; } 100% { top: 200px; background: yellow; width: 300px; } } @-o-keyframes mymove /* Opera */ { 0% { top: 0px; background: red; width: 100px; } 100% { top: 200px; background: yellow; width: 300px; } } </style> </head> <body> <p><b>注釋:</b>本例在 Internet Explorer 中無效。</p> <div></div> </body> </html>
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