Use the [cdkDragFreeDragPosition] attribute
HTML:
<div class="example-box" cdkDragLockAxis="y" cdkDrag [cdkDragFreeDragPosition]="dragPosition" (cdkDragEnded)="onDragEnd($event)"> Координаты: {{ posX }}, {{ posY }} </div>
TS:
dragPosition = { x: 0, y: 0 }; onDragEnd(event: CdkDragMove) { this.dragPosition = { x: event.distance.x, y: event.distance.y + 100 } }