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Course Introduction：In PHP, the difference between interfaces and abstract classes is mainly reflected in the definition, inheritance model and implementation method. 1. The interface only defines method signatures (PHP8.1 supports default methods), emphasizing "what should be done", while abstract classes can contain abstract methods and concrete implementations, emphasizing "how to implement some functions". 2. Classes can implement multiple interfaces, but can only inherit one abstract class, so interfaces are more flexible when combining multiple behaviors. 3. The interface method is exposed by default and cannot have attributes. Abstract classes support arbitrary access control, attributes, constructors and destructors. 4. Use interfaces when a unified API is required or when an interchangeable component is designed; use abstract classes when a shared state or logically related classes. The selection basis is: the interface is used to define the contract, and the abstract class is used to share the implementation logic.

2025-06-23 comment 0  369

Course Introduction：PSR is a PHP standard recommendation, formulated by the PHP framework interoperability group, aiming to improve code consistency, readability and cross-frame compatibility. Common standards include: 1. Basic PSR-1 specifications, such as labels and naming conventions; 2. PSR-4 automatic loading standards, defining class and path mapping; 3. PSR-12 extended coding style, refined format rules; 4. PSR-3 log interface, supporting log library replacement; 5. PSR-7 HTTP message interface, convenient for middleware and API development. Its value is reflected in improving multi-project collaboration efficiency, enhancing tool support, simplifying integration, and improving code expertise. Application methods include using Composer to configure PSR-4, automatically format code with the help of tools, and manually following PSR

2025-07-10 comment 0  301

Course Introduction：Laravel's container uses the PHP reflection API to automatically parse class dependencies to achieve automatic assembly; 1. When requesting to parse a class, if the constructor parameter has a type prompt and can be parsed, it can be instantiated without explicit binding; 2. The container obtains constructor parameters through ReflectionClass, uses ReflectionParameter to read the type prompt and recursively parse each dependency; 3. Reliability is recursively parsed according to the graph, such as the OrderController relies on the OrderService, which relies on the OrderRepository, and finally builds layer by layer from the bottom layer; 4. If the parameter has no type prompt, is a basic type or has no binding to the interface, an exception is thrown unless provided

2025-07-25 comment 0  824

Course Introduction：Choose a payment platform based on user portrait. WeChat Pay is suitable for users in the WeChat ecosystem, and Alipay is suitable for mature consumer groups and PC-side large-scale payments; 2. Registering a merchant account to obtain AppID, MCHID, API keys and other qualifications is the prerequisite; 3. Using the official PHPSDK integrated interface can simplify development and improve security; 4. The PHP backend generates orders and initiates prepayment requests, and the front end calls for payment based on the returned data; 5. Asynchronous callbacks are the final basis for successful payment, and signatures, IP whitelists, SSL encryption transmission must be verified and idempotence must be realized to prevent repeated processing; 6. Timeout orders are closed through timed tasks, refunds must be called to the API and handled multiple states, reconciliation needs to be regularly compared with the platform flow and system orders to ensure the consistency of funds, and the entire flow

2025-07-25 comment 0  706

Course Introduction：Upgrading Laravel to the latest version requires caution. 1. Check the difference between the current version and the target version, confirm the upgrade path and read the BreakingChanges in the official document; 2. Be sure to back up the code and database before upgrading, so that it can quickly roll back if errors occur; 3. Modify the Laravel version number in composer.json and check whether other dependencies are compatible; 4. Run composerupdate and deal with possible PHP version, extension or package conflict problems; 5. Clean up the Laravel cache and regenerate the optimization file to ensure that the new functions are running normally; 6. Test core functions such as login, database reading and writing, queue tasks, API interface and third-party service docking, and verify them by module.

2025-07-30 comment 0  557

Course Elementary  13819

Course Introduction：Scala Tutorial Scala is a multi-paradigm programming language, designed to integrate various features of object-oriented programming and functional programming.

Course Elementary  82352

Course Introduction："CSS Online Manual" is the official CSS online reference manual. This CSS online development manual contains various CSS properties, definitions, usage methods, example operations, etc. It is an indispensable online query manual for WEB programming learners and developers! CSS: Cascading Style Sheets (English full name: Cascading Style Sheets) is an application used to express HTML (Standard Universal Markup Language).

Course Elementary  13173

Course Introduction：SVG is a markup language for vector graphics in HTML5. It maintains powerful drawing capabilities and at the same time has a very high-end interface to operate graphics by directly operating Dom nodes. This "SVG Tutorial" is intended to allow students to master the SVG language and some of its corresponding APIs, combined with the knowledge of 2D drawing, so that students can render and control complex graphics on the page.

Course Elementary  24624

Course Introduction：In the "AngularJS Chinese Reference Manual", AngularJS extends HTML with new attributes and expressions. AngularJS can build a single page application (SPAs: Single Page Applications). AngularJS is very easy to learn.

Course Elementary  27483

Course Introduction：Go is a new language, a concurrent, garbage-collected, fast-compiled language. It can compile a large Go program in a few seconds on a single computer. Go provides a model for software construction that makes dependency analysis easier and avoids most C-style include files and library headers. Go is a statically typed language, and its type system has no hierarchy. Therefore users do not need to spend time defining relationships between types, which feels more lightweight than typical object-oriented languages. Go is a completely garbage-collected language and provides basic support for concurrent execution and communication. By its design, Go is intended to provide a method for constructing system software on multi-core machines.