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Susan Sarandon

Dec 26, 2024 pm 05:57 PM

PlayWright? Microsoft?? ??? ? UI ??? ??? ????????.

??? ????? ???? ??? ???, ??? ??, ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???.

Playwright: A Comprehensive Overview of Web UI Automation Testing Framework

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?? ??, ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ? ?? ??????.
???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ? ??? ???? ??? ??? Shadow DOM ??? ?????.
PlayWright? ? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????. ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?????. ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ? ????? ??? ????.
?? ??, ??? ???, ???? ??

PlayWright ? ??? ? Cypress

?? ?? ??? ??? ? UI ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? 10? ? Selenium, ?? ?? ?? Cypress, ??? ??? ???? PlayWright? ?????. ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????

Feature	PlayWright	Selenium	Cypress
Supported Languages	JavaScript, Java, C#, Python	JavaScript, Java, C#, Python, Ruby	JavaScript/TypeScript
Supported Browsers	Chrome, Edge, Firefox, Safari	Chrome, Edge, Firefox, Safari, IE	Chrome, Edge, Firefox, Safari
Testing Framework	Frameworks for supported languages	Frameworks for supported languages	Frameworks for supported languages
Usability	Easy to use and configure	Complex setup with a learning curve	Easy to use and configure
Code Complexity	Simple	Moderate	Simple
DOM Manipulation	Simple	Moderate	Simple
Community Maturity	Improving gradually	Highly mature	Fairly mature
Headless Mode Support	Yes	Yes	Yes
Concurrency Support	Supported	Supported	Depends on CI/CD tools
iframe Support	Supported	Supported	Supported via plugins
Driver	Not required	Requires a browser-specific driver	Not required
Multi-Tab Operations	Supported	Not supported	Supported
Drag and Drop	Supported	Supported	Supported
Built-in Reporting	Yes	No	Yes
Cross-Origin Support	Supported	Supported	Supported
Built-in Debugging	Yes	No	Yes
Automatic Wait	Yes	No	Yes
Built-in Screenshot/Video	Yes	No video recording	Yes

?? ??:

?? ??: PlayWright ? Selenium? Java, C# ? Python? ????? JavaScript/TypeScript? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????.
??? ??: PlayWright? Selenium? ?? Google? ?? ??? ????? ???? Chromium ?? ????? ?????. Firefox? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? JavaScript ??? ?????. Selenium? ?? ????? ????? PlayWright? ?? ?? ?????. ?? Cypress? JavaScript? ???? ????? ?????.
???? ??: Selenium? Internet Explorer? ????? IE? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????.
?? ???: ? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??? ????. ??? PlayWright? Cypress? Selenium? ?? ??? ?????? ? ??? ??????.

????

PlayWright? ?? ??? ????? Node.js? ?? ?????. Python ?? Java ??? ????? ??? ???? PlayWright? ??? ?? Node.js ????? ?????? ?? Node.js ??? ?????. ??? ? ?????? JavaScript/TypeScript? ??? ?????.

?? ? ??

Node.js? ???? ??? ?????.
npm ?? Yarn? ???? PlayWright ????? ??????.

   # Using npm
   npm init playwright@latest

   # Using yarn
   yarn create playwright

??? ????.
- TypeScript ?? JavaScript? ?????(???: TypeScript).
- ??? ???? ??? ?????.
- PlayWright ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????(???: True).

???? ????? ???? PlayWright?? Chromium, Firefox ? WebKit? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ? ????. ? ????? PlayWright ??? ?????? ?? ? ? ?? ?? ??? ?????.

???? ??

??? ? ???? ???? ?? ???:

playwright.config.ts    # PlayWright configuration file
package.json            # Node.js configuration file
package-lock.json       # Node.js dependency lock file
tests/                  # Your test directory
  example.spec.ts       # Template test case
tests-examples/         # Example tests directory
  demo-todo-app.spec.ts # Example test case

?? ??? ?? ??:

npx playwright test

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Running 6 tests using 6 workers

  6 passed (10s)

To open the last HTML report run:

  npx playwright show-report

?? ?? ??

example.spec.ts ??? ??? ??? ????.

import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';

test('has title', async ({ page }) => {
  await page.goto('https://playwright.dev/');
  await expect(page).toHaveTitle(/Playwright/);
});

test('get started link', async ({ page }) => {
  await page.goto('https://playwright.dev/');
  await page.getByRole('link', { name: 'Get started' }).click();
  await expect(page).toHaveURL(/.*intro/);
});

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? ?? ???: "????" ??? ???? URL? ?????.

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page.goto: URL? ?????.
Expect(page).toHaveTitle: ??? ??? ?????.
page.getByRole: ???? ??? ????.
??: ??? ??? ??? ??? ?????.

????? ??? ??

??? ???? ?????:

?? ??? ??:

   # Using npm
   npm init playwright@latest

   # Using yarn
   yarn create playwright

?? ??? ?? ??:

playwright.config.ts    # PlayWright configuration file
package.json            # Node.js configuration file
package-lock.json       # Node.js dependency lock file
tests/                  # Your test directory
  example.spec.ts       # Template test case
tests-examples/         # Example tests directory
  demo-todo-app.spec.ts # Example test case

??? ?? ???:

npx playwright test

?? ??

Codegen ??? ???? ????? ?????.

Running 6 tests using 6 workers

  6 passed (10s)

To open the last HTML report run:

  npx playwright show-report

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??? ??

?? , ?? [contenteditable] ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?????.<br> </p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test'; test('has title', async ({ page }) => { await page.goto('https://playwright.dev/'); await expect(page).toHaveTitle(/Playwright/); }); test('get started link', async ({ page }) => { await page.goto('https://playwright.dev/'); await page.getByRole('link', { name: 'Get started' }).click(); await expect(page).toHaveURL(/.*intro/); }); </pre> <h3> ????? ??? </h3> <p>locator.setChecked() ?? locator.check()? ???? input[type=checkbox], input[type=radio] ?? [role=checkbox] ??? ?? ??? ?? ?????.<br> </p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"> npx playwright test </pre> <h3> ??? ?? </h3> <p>locator.selectOption()? ???? <select> ??:<br> </p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"> npx playwright test landing-page.spec.ts </pre> <h3> ??? ?? </h3> <p>?? ??:<br> </p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"> npx playwright test --debug </pre> <p>?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?????.<br> </p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">npx playwright codegen https://leapcell.io/ </pre> <p>?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????.<br> </p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">// Text input await page.getByRole('textbox').fill('Peter'); </pre> <h3> ?? ?? </h3> <p>locator.type() ???? ??? ??? ??????? keydown, keyup ? keypress ???? ??????.<br> </p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">await page.getByLabel('I agree to the terms above').check(); expect(await page.getByLabel('Subscribe to newsletter').isChecked()).toBeTruthy(); // Uncheck await page.getByLabel('XL').setChecked(false); </pre> <h3> ?? ? </h3> <p>?? ??? locator.press()? ?????.<br> </p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">// Select by value await page.getByLabel('Choose a color').selectOption('blue'); // Select by label await page.getByLabel('Choose a color').selectOption({ label: 'Blue' }); // Multi-select await page.getByLabel('Choose multiple colors').selectOption(['red', 'green', 'blue']); </pre> <p>???? ??? Backquote, Minus, Equal, ????, ?????, Tab, Delete, Escape, ArrowDown, End, Enter, Home, Insert, PageDown, PageUp, ArrowRight, ArrowUp, F1-F12, Digit0-Digit9 ? KeyA? ?????. -KeyZ.</p> <h3> ?? ??? </h3> <p>???? ??? ????? locator.setInputFiles()? ?????. ?? ??? ?????:<br> </p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">// Left click await page.getByRole('button').click(); // Double click await page.getByText('Item').dblclick(); // Right click await page.getByText('Item').click({ button: 'right' }); // Shift+click await page.getByText('Item').click({ modifiers: ['Shift'] }); // Hover await page.getByText('Item').hover(); // Click at specific position await page.getByText('Item').click({ position: { x: 0, y: 0 } }); </pre> <h3> ?? ?? </h3> <p>??? ??? ???? locator.focus()? ?????.<br> </p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"> # Using npm npm init playwright@latest # Using yarn yarn create playwright </pre> <h3> ??? ? ?? </h3> <p>??? ? ?? ?????? ?? ? ??? ?????.</p> <ol> <li>??? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?????.</li> <li>??? ?? ??? ????.</li> <li>???? ??? ??? ?????.</li> <li>??? ?? ??? ????.</li> </ol> <p>locator.dragTo() ???? ??? ? ????:<br> </p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">playwright.config.ts # PlayWright configuration file package.json # Node.js configuration file package-lock.json # Node.js dependency lock file tests/ # Your test directory example.spec.ts # Template test case tests-examples/ # Example tests directory demo-todo-app.spec.ts # Example test case </pre> <p>?? ????? ???? ?????.<br> </p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">npx playwright test </pre> <h3> ???? ?? </h3> <p>????? Playwright? ??, ??, ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????. ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ? ????.<br> </p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">Running 6 tests using 6 workers 6 passed (10s) To open the last HTML report run: npx playwright show-report </pre> <h3> ? ??? ?? </h3> <p>? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ? ????.<br> </p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test'; test('has title', async ({ page }) => { await page.goto('https://playwright.dev/'); await expect(page).toHaveTitle(/Playwright/); }); test('get started link', async ({ page }) => { await page.goto('https://playwright.dev/'); await page.getByRole('link', { name: 'Get started' }).click(); await expect(page).toHaveURL(/.*intro/); }); </pre> <hr> <h2> ???? ?? ??? ???: Leapcell </h2> <p><img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/000/000/000/173520703474579.jpg" class="lazy" alt="Playwright: A Comprehensive Overview of Web UI Automation Testing Framework"></p> <p>Leapcell? ?? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??????. ?? ??? ?? <strong>???</strong> ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????.</p> <h3> ??? ??????? ?? Leapcell? ??? ?? </h3> <ol> <li> <p><strong>?? ???</strong></p> <ul> <li> <strong>???</strong>: ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????.</li> <li> <strong>?? ??</strong>: ?? ??, getdeploying.com? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? vCPU 1?? RAM 2GB ?? ??? ???? ??? ? 25?? ?????. Leapcell??? 25??? 60ms? ?? ?? ???? 694? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ??? ?????.</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><strong>??? ??</strong></p> <ul> <li> <strong>?? ???</strong>: ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????.</li> <li> <strong>???</strong>: ??, ???, ??? ??????.</li> <li> <strong>??? ??</strong>: Go, Python, Node.js, Rust ?? ?????.</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><strong>??? ? ??</strong></p> <ul> <li> <strong>?? ??</strong>: ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????.</li> <li> <strong>??? ???</strong>: ???? ?? ??? ?? ?????.</li> <li> <strong>??? ??</strong>: ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????.</li> </ul> </li> </ol> <p>? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????.</p> <p>? ??? ???: ? UI ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????. ??? ??? 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