?? ??? Python ???? ?? ??? ?? ? ?????. ??? ??? ???, ??? ?????, CSV ??? ?????, ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????. ?????? Python?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???, ??, ??, ??, ??? ? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ? ????.

? ????? ?? ???? CSV ? JSON? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? Python? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???????. ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????. ???? Python? ???? ????? ??? ???? ? ???? ?? ? ????.

?? ??:

1. ?? ?? ? ??
2. ???? ??
3. ??? ??
4. ???? ?? ??
5. ?? ??
6. ?? ??? os ? pathlib ??
7. CSV ? JSON ?? ??
8. ???? ?? ?? ??
9. ?? ??? ? ?? ??? ?? ??

1. ?? ?? ? ??

?? ??? ? ? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ??? ?? ????. Python??? ?? ??? ??? ? ??(?: "r" ??, "w" ?? ?? "a" ??)?? ? ?? ?? ??? ???? open() ??? ???? ? ??? ?????. ). ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????.

?:

# Open a file in write mode
file = open("example.txt", "w")

# Write some content to the file
file.write("Hello, World!")

# Always close the file after you're done to free up system resources
file.close()

??:

open("example.txt", "w"): ?? ???? example.txt ??? ???. ??? ???? ??? Python? ??? ?????. ???? ?? ???? ???.
file.write("Hello, World!"): "Hello, World!" ???? ???. ???.
file.close(): ??? ????. ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ? ?????.
? ?? ??: with ? ??

with ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? close()? ??? ??? ????.

with open("example.txt", "w") as file:
    file.write("Hello, World!")
# The file is automatically closed here, even if an error occurs

??:

with ?? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ? ??? ???? ???? ?????. ?? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ? ????.

2. ???? ??

Python??? ?? ??? ? ?? ??? ??? ? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??? ?? ? ????.

?(?? ?? ??):

with open("example.txt", "r") as file:
    content = file.read()  # Read the entire file at once
    print(content)

??:

open("example.txt", "r"): ??? ?? ??("r")? ???.
file.read(): ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????. ?? ?? ???? ????? ? ???? ????? ? ????.
print(content): ???? ??? ?????.

?(? ?? ????? ??):

# Open a file in write mode
file = open("example.txt", "w")

# Write some content to the file
file.write("Hello, World!")

# Always close the file after you're done to free up system resources
file.close()

??:

??? for ?? ??? ??? ? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??????.
line.strip(): ???? ?? ? ??? ??/?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?????.

3. ??? ??

??? ???? ??? "w" ?? "a" ??? ?????. "w" ??? ??? ???? "a" ??? ?? ???? ?????.

?(??? ??):

with open("example.txt", "w") as file:
    file.write("Hello, World!")
# The file is automatically closed here, even if an error occurs

??:

open("example.txt", "w"): ?? ??? ??? ???. ??? ??? ??? ???, ??? ??? ????.
file.write(): ???? ??? ???. ??? ?? ? ?? n? ??? ? ????.

?(??? ??):

with open("example.txt", "r") as file:
    content = file.read()  # Read the entire file at once
    print(content)

??:

open("example.txt", "a"): ??? ?? ??("a")? ???. ?, ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ? ???? ?????.
file.write("nThis will be added at the end."): ?? ?? ? ?? ??, ? ?? ????? n? ?????.

4. ???? ?? ??

???, ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??(??? ?? "rb", ??? ?? "wb")? ???? ???.

?(???? ?? ??):

with open("example.txt", "r") as file:
    for line in file:  # Loop through each line in the file
        print(line.strip())  # Remove trailing newline characters and print the line

??:

open("image.jpg", "rb"): ???? ???? ??? ??-???? ??("rb")? ??? ???.
Binary_file.read(): ??? ?? ???? ??? ????.
????_???[:10]: ??? ?? 10???? ?????. ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ? ?????.

5. ?? ??

?? ?? ? ?? ??, ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ? ????. Try-Exception ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ? ????.

?:

with open("example.txt", "w") as file:
    file.write("Writing a new line of text.")

??:

try ??? ???? ?? ? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????.
??? ?? ? ?? ??, FileNotFoundError ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????.

6. ?? ??? os ? pathlib ??

os ? pathlib ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????. ?? ?? ??? ?????, ??? ????, ??? ? ????.

?(os ??):

# Open a file in write mode
file = open("example.txt", "w")

# Write some content to the file
file.write("Hello, World!")

# Always close the file after you're done to free up system resources
file.close()

??:

with open("example.txt", "w") as file:
    file.write("Hello, World!")
# The file is automatically closed here, even if an error occurs

?(pathlib ??):

with open("example.txt", "r") as file:
    content = file.read()  # Read the entire file at once
    print(content)

??:

Path("new_example.txt"): ??? ???? Path ??? ?????.
file_path.exists(): ??? ????? ?????.
file_path.unlink(): ??? ?????.

7. CSV ? JSON ?? ??

Python? csv ? json ??? ???? CSV(??? ??? ?) ? JSON(JavaScript Object Notation)? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ? ????.

CSV ??

csv ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ? ????.

?(CSV ??):

with open("example.txt", "r") as file:
    for line in file:  # Loop through each line in the file
        print(line.strip())  # Remove trailing newline characters and print the line

??:

csv.writer(file): CSV ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?????.
writer.writerow(): ? ??? ?? ??? ???.

?(CSV ??):

with open("example.txt", "w") as file:
    file.write("Writing a new line of text.")

??:

? ?? ???? csv.reader(file): CSV ??? ? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????.
for row in reader ??? ? ?? ?? ?????.
JSON ??
json ??? ?-? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ? ?????.

?(JSON ??):

with open("example.txt", "a") as file:
    file.write("\nThis will be appended at the end.")

??:

json.dump(data, file): ?? ???? JSON?? ??? ???.

?(JSON ??):

with open("image.jpg", "rb") as binary_file:
    binary_data = binary_file.read()  # Read the entire file in binary mode
    print(binary_data[:10])  # Print first 10 bytes for preview

??:

json.load(file): JSON ??? ?? ?? Python ???? ?????.

8. ???? ?? ?? ??

??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ? ??????.

?(??? ??):

try:
    with open("nonexistentfile.txt", "r") as file:
        content = file.read()
except FileNotFoundError:
    print("The file does not exist!")

??

Python?? ?? ??? ?????? ?????. ??? ??? ????, ???? ????, ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ? ?????. ? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? Python ????? ???? ? ??? ? ????.

????? ?????...

? ??? Python? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?????. ??? ??? PHP ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????!