Node.js?? ??? ?? ???? ????? Node.js ?? ???? API ?? ? ???? ?? ??? ?????. ??? Node.js? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??????.

1??: ?? ?? ??

??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???.

• Node.js: ?? ??? JavaScript? ???? ?? ??????. nodejs.org?? ????? ? ????.
• NPM(?? ??? ???): Node.js? ?? ??? ?????. ?????? ???? ???? ? ?????.

Node.js? NPM? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?????.

node -v
npm -v

??? ?? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ??? Node.js? ?????.

2??: ? ???? ???

1. ???? ?? ???:

mkdir my-custom-backend
cd my-custom-backend

1. package.json ?? ???:

npm init -y

? ??? ???? ???? ?? package.json ??? ?????.

3??: ?? ??? ??

???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???.

• Express: ? ? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? Node.js ? ?????? ????????.
• Nodemon: ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? Node.js ?????? ??? ?? ?????.
• Body-parser: JSON ? URL ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????.
• dotenv: ????? ?????.

??? ???? ??? ???? ?????.

npm install express body-parser dotenv
npm install --save-dev nodemon

• express: HTTP ??? ???? ?? ?????.
• body-parser: ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????, req.body? ?? ???? ? ????.
• dotenv: .env ??? ?? ??? process.env? ?????.
• nodemon: ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?????(?? ????).

4??: ?? ?? ??

???? ??? server.js?? ??? ?????. ? ??? Express ?? ??? ?????.

touch server.js

server.js ??? ?? ??? ?????.

// Import necessary modules
const express = require('express');
const bodyParser = require('body-parser');
const dotenv = require('dotenv');

// Load environment variables
dotenv.config();

// Initialize the app
const app = express();

// Middleware to parse JSON data
app.use(bodyParser.json());

// Define a basic route
app.get('/', (req, res) => {
  res.send('Welcome to my custom Node.js backend!');
});

// Start the server
const PORT = process.env.PORT || 3000;
app.listen(PORT, () => {
  console.log(`Server running on http://localhost:${PORT}`);
});

? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? Express ??? ?????.

5??: ?? ??

??? ????? node ??? ??? ? ????.

node -v
npm -v

??? ??? ???? nodemon? ???? ?? ? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????.

mkdir my-custom-backend
cd my-custom-backend

?? ?????? http://localhost:3000? ?????. ??? ?????.

npm init -y

6??: ?? ? ??? ??

???? ???? ?? ? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???. ?? ??, ??? ??? ???? API? ?? ? ????.

npm install express body-parser dotenv
npm install --save-dev nodemon

• GET /users: ?? ???? ?????.
• GET /users/:id: ID? ???? ?????.
• POST /users: ? ???? ?????.
• DELETE /users/:id: ID?? ???? ?????.

7??: ?? ?? ??

dotenv ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ? ????. ?? ????? .env ??? ????.

touch server.js

.env ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ? ????.

// Import necessary modules
const express = require('express');
const bodyParser = require('body-parser');
const dotenv = require('dotenv');

// Load environment variables
dotenv.config();

// Initialize the app
const app = express();

// Middleware to parse JSON data
app.use(bodyParser.json());

// Define a basic route
app.get('/', (req, res) => {
  res.send('Welcome to my custom Node.js backend!');
});

// Start the server
const PORT = process.env.PORT || 3000;
app.listen(PORT, () => {
  console.log(`Server running on http://localhost:${PORT}`);
});

? ??? server.js?? ??? ???? ???? ? ?????.

node server.js

8??: ?? ?? ? ???? ??

Express? ????? ??????? ??-?? ???? ?? ??(req), ?? ??(res), ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????.

?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??? ? ????.

npx nodemon server.js

???????? ???? ?? ??? ???? 500 ?? ??? ?????.

9??: ???? ??(?? ??)

???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????.

Welcome to my custom Node.js backend!

• controllers/: API ??? ?? ??? ?????.
• routes/: ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????.
• models/: ??? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????.

10??: ??????? ??(?? ??)

???? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ? ????. ?:

• MongoDB: Mongoose? ???? MongoDB ??????? ???????.
• MySQL/PostgreSQL: Sequelize ?? pg? ???? SQL ??????? ?? ?????.

MongoDB? ?? mongoose? ?????.

// Example user data
let users = [
  { id: 1, name: 'John Doe' },
  { id: 2, name: 'Jane Doe' }
];

// Route to get all users
app.get('/users', (req, res) => {
  res.json(users);
});

// Route to get a user by ID
app.get('/users/:id', (req, res) => {
  const userId = parseInt(req.params.id);
  const user = users.find((u) => u.id === userId);

  if (user) {
    res.json(user);
  } else {
    res.status(404).send('User not found');
  }
});

// Route to create a new user
app.post('/users', (req, res) => {
  const newUser = {
    id: users.length + 1,
    name: req.body.name
  };
  users.push(newUser);
  res.status(201).json(newUser);
});

// Route to delete a user by ID
app.delete('/users/:id', (req, res) => {
  const userId = parseInt(req.params.id);
  users = users.filter((u) => u.id !== userId);
  res.status(204).send();
});

server.js??:

touch .env

11??: Postman ?? Curl? ???? API ???

API? ?????? Postman ?? ?? ??? ? ????.

PORT=3000

?? ???? ??? ? ? ?? GUI? ???? Postman? ??? ?? ????.

12??: ??? ??

???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ? ????.

• Heroku: ?? ??? ??.
• AWS EC2: ??? ?? ??? ?????.
• DigitalOcean: ??? ???? ????.

??? ?? PORT? ????, API ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?????.

??

??? ??? ??? ?? Node.js? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????. ??? ????, ??????? ????, WebSocket? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ? ????.

? ??? Node.js? ??? ?? ??? ??: ??? ???? ?? ?????. ??? ??? PHP ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????!