Steps to use Mockito to test Java functions: Add Mockito dependencies. Create mock objects and set mock behavior. Call the function to be tested. Assert the expected behavior of a function. Use verify() to verify simulated interactions.
How to use Mockito for unit testing of Java functions
Mockito is a popular mock when it comes to unit testing in Java Framework that allows you to create test doubles to mock external dependencies. Testing Java functions is very easy with Mockito.
Dependencies
Before you start, make sure you include the Mockito dependencies in your project:
<dependency> <groupId>org.mockito</groupId> <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId> <version>4.6.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency>
Create the test class
To create a function test class, create a new class and extend the MockitoTestCase class as follows:
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
public class FunctionTest extends MockitoTestCase {
// 定義要測試的函數(shù)
private Function<Integer, Integer> function;
@Before
public void setUp() {
// 創(chuàng)建函數(shù)的模擬
function = Mockito.mock(Function.class);
}
// 測試函數(shù)的行為
@Test
public void testFunction() {
// 設(shè)置函數(shù)的模擬行為
Mockito.when(function.apply(10)).thenReturn(20);
// 調(diào)用要測試的函數(shù)
int result = function.apply(10);
// 斷言函數(shù)的預(yù)期行為
assertEquals(20, result);
verify(function, times(1)).apply(10);
}
}Practical case
Let's consider a simple function addTen() that accepts a number and returns a result plus 10.
public class MathFunctions {
public int addTen(int number) {
return number + 10;
}
}Test actual case
To test this function using Mockito, please create a test class as shown below:
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
public class MathFunctionsTest extends MockitoTestCase {
private MathFunctions mathFunctions;
@Before
public void setUp() {
mathFunctions = Mockito.mock(MathFunctions.class);
}
@Test
public void testAddTen() {
Mockito.when(mathFunctions.addTen(10)).thenReturn(20);
int result = mathFunctions.addTen(10);
assertEquals(20, result);
verify(mathFunctions, times(1)).addTen(10);
}
}Conclusion
Using Mockito to unit test Java functions is very simple. You can easily test the correctness of a function by creating a mock, defining the mock's behavior, and asserting the function's expected behavior.
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