Vue3 TS Vite Development Tips: How to interact with the back-end API

Introduction:
In web application development, data between the front-end and the back-end Interaction is a very important link. As a popular front-end framework, Vue3 has many ways to interact with back-end APIs. This article will introduce how to use the Vue3 TypeScript Vite development environment to interact with the back-end API, and deepen understanding through code examples.

1. Use Axios to send requests
Axios is a popular HTTP request library that supports use in browsers and Node.js environments. We first need to install Axios in the project and introduce it where needed.

Sample code:

import axios from 'axios';

export function fetchUserData(userId: number) {
  return axios.get(`/api/user/${userId}`);
}

In this example, we define a function fetchUserData that accepts a userId parameter and uses Axios to send a GET request to the backend API's / api/user/{userId}Path. Axios will return a Promise, and we can use the then method to process the returned data.

2. Use Fetch API to send requests
In addition to Axios, we can also use JavaScript’s native Fetch API to send requests. Fetch API is a modern alternative to XMLHttpRequest HTTP request library, which supports use in browsers.

Sample code:

export function fetchUserData(userId: number) {
  return fetch(`/api/user/${userId}`).then(res => res.json());
}

In this example, we use the Fetch API to send a GET request and process the returned data through the then method. It should be noted that the Fetch API returns a Promise, and we need to use the json method to parse the returned data.

3. Result of processing request
Generally speaking, the data returned by the backend API may have two situations: success and failure. We need to determine whether the request is successful based on the returned status code and process different results.

Sample code:

export function fetchUserData(userId: number) {
  return axios.get(`/api/user/${userId}`).then(res => {
    if (res.status === 200) {
      // 請求成功
      return res.data;
    } else {
      // 請求失敗
      throw new Error(res.statusText);
    }
  });
}

In this example, we use Axios to send a GET request and judge the returned status code. If the status code is 200, it means the request is successful, and we can get the returned data through res.data. If the status code is not 200, it means the request failed and we can throw an error through the throw statement.

4. Use asynchronous/await to process requests
In addition to using the then method to process Promise, we can also use the asynchronous/await syntax introduced in ES2017 to process requests.

Sample code:

export async function fetchUserData(userId: number) {
  try {
    const res = await axios.get(`/api/user/${userId}`);
    if (res.status === 200) {
      return res.data;
    } else {
      throw new Error(res.statusText);
    }
  } catch (error) {
    console.error(error);
  }
}

In this example, we use async/await syntax to handle asynchronous requests. By adding the async keyword in front of the function, we can use await inside the function to wait for the result of a Promise. In the try-catch statement, we can use await to wait for Axios' GET request and process the returned results in the same way.

Conclusion:
This article introduces how to use the Vue3 TypeScript Vite development environment to interact with the back-end API, and deepens understanding through code examples. We can use Axios or Fetch API to send requests and process the results of the request based on the returned status code. I hope this article will be helpful to everyone in interacting with the backend API in Vue3 development.

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