![\"How](\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/000\/000\/000\/175408008549640.jpeg\")
\n<\/thead><\/code><\/p>"}
To create a sticky table header, use position: sticky; 1. Use a standard table structure to include head and tbody; 2. Set position: sticky, top: 0, background color and z-index for head th; 3. Set tbody to display: block and set fixed height and overflow-y: auto for independent scrolling; 4. It is recommended to use table-layout: fixed to keep the column width consistent; 5. Make sure the parent container has no overflow: hidden to avoid cropping sticky headers. This method allows the header to always be fixed at the top of the viewport when the page is scrolling.
Creating a sticky table header with CSS is straightforward using the position: sticky property. This makes the table header ( <thead> ) stay visible at the top of the viewport as users scroll down through the table body. <img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/000/000/000/175408008389426.jpeg" class="lazy" alt="How to create a sticky table header with CSS?"><p> Here's how to do it:</p>
<h3 id="Basic-HTML-Structure"> 1. Basic HTML Structure</h3>
<p> Start with a standard table structure: </p>
<img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/000/000/000/175408008464678.jpeg" class="lazy" alt="How to create a sticky table header with CSS?"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'> <table>
<head>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Age</th>
<th>City</th>
</tr>
</head>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>John</td>
<td>30</td>
<td>New York</td>
</tr>
<!-- More rows -->
</tbody>
</table></pre><h3 id="Apply-CSS-for-Sticky-Header"> 2. Apply CSS for Sticky Header</h3><p> Use <code>position: sticky on the <thead> or <th> elements. However, position: sticky works best when applied to block-level elements inside a container with a defined stacking context.
table {
width: 100%;
border-collapse: collapse;
max-height: 300px;
overflow: hidden;
display: block;
}
thead th {
position: sticky;
top: 0;
background-color: #f8f9fa;
border-bottom: 2px solid #ddd;
z-index: 10;
}
tbody {
display: block;
overflow-y: auto;
max-height: 300px;
}
tr {
display: table;
width: 100%;
table-layout: fixed;
}3. Why This Works
-
display: blockon<tbody>allows independent scrolling of the body. -
position: stickyandtop: 0on<th>keeps the header at the top of the viewport when scrolling. -
z-index: 10ensures the header stays above other content. -
background-colorprevents visual overlap with rows beneath.
4. Important Notes
- The sticky behavior applies to the
<th>elements, not the entire<thead>, so styling should targetthead th. - The table may need
table-layout: fixedto keep column widths consistent. - If the table is inside a container, ensure no parent has
overflow: hiddenthat could clip the sticky header.
5. Full Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title>Sticky Table Header</title>
<style>
table {
width: 100%;
border-collapse: collapse;
display: block;
}
thead th {
position: sticky;
top: 0;
background: white;
padding: 10px;
border-bottom: 2px solid #000;
z-index: 10;
}
tbody {
display: block;
height: 200px;
overflow-y: auto;
}
tr {
display: table;
width: 100%;
table-layout: fixed;
}
td {
padding: 10px;
border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<head>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Age</th>
<th>City</th>
</tr>
</head>
<tbody>
<tr><td>John</td><td>30</td><td>New York</td></tr>
<tr><td>Jane</td><td>25</td><td>Los Angeles</td></tr>
<tr><td>Sam</td><td>35</td><td>Chicago</td></tr>
<!-- Repeat more rows to enable scrolling -->
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html> Basically, it's not complicated — just use position: sticky on the header cells and structure your table so the body can scroll independently. The key is making tbody scrollable and keeping the header fixed at the top.
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