First, check volume levels, correct output device selection, proper connections, and powered speakers; test audio devices on another system to rule out hardware issues. 2. Update or reinstall audio drivers via Device Manager, use Windows Audio Troubleshooter, and download manufacturer-specific drivers if needed. 3. For headphone issues, test with different headphones, clean jacks, balance audio channels, and for Bluetooth, re-pair devices and ensure stereo profile is selected. 4. Fix distorted audio by disabling audio enhancements, preventing exclusive app control, reducing system load, and adjusting power settings to high performance with maximum USB and PCI Express performance enabled. Most audio problems are resolved by checking basics, updating drivers, or adjusting settings, and the Windows troubleshooter should be used first; if all else fails, a USB audio adapter can bypass faulty onboard audio.

If your PC’s audio isn’t working right, you’re not alone. Whether it’s no sound at all, distorted audio, or issues with headphones, most problems have simple fixes. Here’s how to troubleshoot the most common audio issues on a Windows PC.

1. No Sound? Check the Basics First

Before diving into complex fixes, rule out the obvious:

• Is the volume turned up? Check both the system volume (bottom-right speaker icon) and app-specific volume levels.
• Are speakers or headphones plugged in properly? For wired devices, ensure they’re in the correct audio jack (usually green). Try a different USB port or audio cable.
• Is the wrong output device selected? Right-click the speaker icon > Open Sound settings and confirm the correct output is chosen under "Output device."
• Are your speakers powered? External speakers often need a power source or volume knob turned up manually.

Pro tip: Test your audio on another device (like a phone) to rule out hardware failure.

2. Fix Audio Driver Issues

Outdated, missing, or corrupted drivers are a top cause of audio problems.

Update or Reinstall the Audio Driver:

1. Press Win X and select Device Manager.
2. Expand Sound, video and game controllers.
3. Right-click your audio device (e.g., Realtek High Definition Audio) and choose Update driver > Search automatically.
4. If that doesn’t help, right-click again and choose Uninstall device, then restart your PC. Windows will reinstall the driver automatically.

Use Windows Audio Troubleshooter:

• Go to Settings > System > Sound > Troubleshoot.
• Let Windows scan and apply fixes for common issues like disabled devices or driver problems.

Some PCs (especially laptops) require manufacturer-specific audio drivers. Visit your PC maker’s support site (e.g., Dell, HP, Lenovo) and download the latest audio driver for your model.

3. Headphones Not Working or Audio Only Plays Through One Side

This is common with both wired and Bluetooth headphones.

For Wired Headphones:

• Try a different pair to rule out hardware issues.
• Check if the audio jack is dirty or damaged.
• In Sound settings, click Device properties for your headphones and run Test to see if both left and right channels work.
• Open Sound Control Panel (right-click speaker icon > Sounds > Playback tab), double-click your device, go to Levels > Balance, and ensure left/right levels are equal.

For Bluetooth Headphones:

• Remove and re-pair the device: Settings > Bluetooth & devices, remove the headphones, then pair again.
• Make sure the audio profile is set to Stereo (not Hands-Free), which can limit quality and volume.

4. Distorted, Choppy, or Delayed Audio

If sound crackles, stutters, or lags behind video:

• Disable audio enhancements:

  1. Right-click the speaker icon > Sounds > Playback tab.
  2. Double-click your active device.
  3. Go to the Enhancements tab and check Disable all enhancements.
  4. Also try unchecking Allow applications to take exclusive control in the Advanced tab.

• Check for system overload: High CPU or disk usage can cause audio glitches. Open Task Manager (Ctrl Shift Esc) and look for resource-heavy apps.

• Adjust power settings: Some power-saving modes throttle audio performance.

  • Go to Control Panel > Power Options.
  • Choose High performance or Balanced, and click Change plan settings > Change advanced power settings.
  • Expand USB settings and PCI Express, and set them to Maximum Performance.

Most PC audio problems can be resolved quickly by checking connections, updating drivers, and tweaking settings. Start simple, then move to advanced fixes if needed. Windows has solid built-in tools—use the troubleshooter first. If nothing works, consider a USB audio adapter as a workaround for faulty onboard audio.

Basically, it's usually not hardware—just a setting or driver gone sideways.

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