Mastering SQL query skills can improve supply chain management efficiency, including querying inventory status, tracking order execution, analyzing supply cycles and monitoring inventory turnover rates. ①Calculate inventory monitoring by summarizing inventory quantity and filtering insufficient inventory; ② Calculate order delivery cycle by correlating orders, shipments and supplier tables; ③ Identify supplier efficiency bottlenecks by calculating the average procurement cycle; ④ Evaluate inventory capital utilization rate through the inventory turnover rate formula. These methods contribute to data-driven supply chain optimization.

Supply chain management involves a large amount of data interaction and process tracking, and SQL (Structured Query Language) is a key tool for analyzing and optimizing these processes. Mastering some commonly used SQL query skills can help you monitor inventory, track orders, analyze supplier performance, etc. more efficiently.

Query inventory status: Master real-time inventory status

Inventory management is at the heart of the supply chain, and a simple inventory query can help you quickly understand the current inventory status. Usually, you will have an inventory table that contains fields such as material number, warehouse number, inventory quantity, etc.

 SELECT material_id, warehouse_id, SUM(quantity) AS total_stock
FROM inventory
GROUP BY material_id, warehouse_id;

This query can help you summarize the inventory quantity of each material in a different warehouse. If you also want to filter out materials that are insufficient in stock, you can add conditions such as HAVING SUM(quantity) < 100 to quickly identify materials that need to be replenished.

Track order execution: from order placing to delivery

Another focus of the supply chain is order tracking. You need to know whether the order is delivered on time, whether it is delayed, whether the supplier ships on time, etc.

A common practice is to associate order tables, shipment tables, and supplier tables:

 SELECT o.order_id, o.order_date, s.ship_date, p.name AS supplier_name,
       DATEDIFF(s.ship_date, o.order_date) AS days_to_ship
FROM orders o
JOIN shipments s ON o.order_id = s.order_id
JOIN suppliers p ON o.supplier_id = p.supplier_id;

Through this query, you can see how many days it took for each order from ordering to shipment, and then analyze the supplier's response speed. If some suppliers are found to be frequently delayed, consider optimizing procurement strategies or reevaluating supplier cooperation.

Analysis of procurement and supply cycles: Finding bottlenecks

Supply chain efficiency often depends on the stability of procurement and supply cycles. You can analyze the average procurement cycle through SQL to find out the links that affect efficiency.

 SELECT supplier_id, 
       AVG(DATEDIFF(receive_date, order_date)) AS avg_cycle_days
FROM purchase_orders
WHERE status = 'completed'
GROUP BY supplier_id
ORDER BY avg_cycle_days DESC;

This query can help you find out which suppliers have a longer average lead time, which is convenient for key management. If you find that a supplier has a large cyclical fluctuation, you can further check the time distribution of the specific order and determine whether it is a logistics problem or production delay.

Monitor inventory turnover rate: improve capital utilization rate

Inventory turnover is an important indicator to measure the health of inventory. The calculation is usually "cost of sales/average inventory". You can use SQL to calculate quarterly inventory turnover:

 SELECT 
    i.warehouse_id,
    SUM(s.cost) / AVG(i.quantity) AS inventory_turnover
FROM sales s
JOIN inventory i ON s.material_id = i.material_id
WHERE s.sale_date BETWEEN '2024-01-01' AND '2024-03-31'
GROUP BY i.warehouse_id;

This indicator can help you identify which warehouses or materials have low turnover rates, thereby optimizing inventory configuration or adjusting procurement plans.

Basically that's it. Mastering these SQL query skills can help you gain data insights more quickly in supply chain management and make more scientific decisions.

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