H5 Web Sockets is a full-duplex communication protocol provided by HTML5, which allows the browser to establish a persistent connection with the server and realizes low-latency bidirectional data transmission. 1. It continuously interacts through a single TCP connection, avoiding the high latency and waste of resources caused by traditional HTTP polling; 2. It is suitable for online chat, real-time market, collaborative editing, game synchronization and other scenarios that require instant push; 3. When using the front end creates connections through JavaScript and listens to events such as onopen, onmessage, onclose and onerror. The backend can use Node.js or Python to build services; 4. Notes include priority use of the encryption protocol wss://, handling network interruption and reconnection, concurrent connection management, and front-end cooperation optimization.

H5 Web Sockets are key technologies for real-time data communication in two-way, and are especially suitable for scenarios where low latency and continuous interaction are required. Compared with the traditional HTTP request-response mode, WebSocket provides persistent connections, allowing clients and servers to send data at any time, which is more efficient.

What are H5 Web Sockets?

H5 refers to HTML5, which contains the WebSocket API. WebSocket is a network protocol that allows full duplex communication over a single TCP connection. Simply put, it is to establish a "long connection" between the browser and the server, and both parties can actively send messages without repeatedly initiating requests.

Its workflow is roughly like this:

• The client initiates a connection request through ws:// or wss:// protocol
• After the server accepts the handshake, the connection is successfully established
• Both parties can send and receive data to each other through this connection
• Call close() when not needed to close the connection

Compared with the previously commonly used polling method, this saves a lot of unnecessary requests and waiting time.

Why choose Web Sockets for real-time data?

The disadvantages of traditional HTTP are obvious: For example, when doing chat applications, if you use polling, you have to ask if there is any new message every few seconds. It is very inefficient and has high latency. And Web Sockets can achieve true "instant push".

Several typical applicable scenarios:

• Online chat room or IM app
• Real-time market display (stocks, cryptocurrencies)
• Multiple people collaborate on document editing
• Player status synchronization in the game

These scenarios require fast and low-latency data exchange, and Web Sockets can take advantage of it.

Of course, not all situations are suitable for WebSocket. For example, if you only get data occasionally, or pages that do not require high real-time requirements, there is no need to use WebSocket, which will increase maintenance costs.

How to use H5 WebSocket to implement data communication?

The front-end uses JavaScript to create a WebSocket connection, and the basic structure is as follows:

 const socket = new WebSocket('wss://yourdomain.com/socket');

socket.onopen = function() {
  console.log('Connection established');
  // Initial information can be sent here};

socket.onmessage = function(event) {
  console.log('Received message:', event.data);
  // Process data sent by the server};

socket.onclose = function() {
  console.log('Connection closed');
};

Common operations include:

• Send data: socket.send('Hello Server')
• Listen to events: like onmessage and onopen in the above code
• Exception handling: Add onerror callback for debugging

In terms of backend, you can use Node.js' ws library, Python's websockets module, etc. to build WebSocket services.

A few points to note:

• When using HTTPS, you should give priority to using wss:// encryption protocol
• Changes in the network environment may cause connection disconnection, and it is recommended to increase the connection mechanism.
• The backend needs to process multiple connections and concurrent messages

summary

WebSocket is one of the core means for modern web pages to realize real-time communication, and the threshold for using it with HTML5 is not high. Although it is not a universal solution, it is indeed more efficient than traditional methods in scenarios where frequent interactions and low latency are required. Pay attention to front-end coordination, exception handling and connection management during implementation, which can stably support the needs of two-way communication.

Basically that's it.

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