Laravel provides built-in rate limiting to prevent excessive requests, which can be implemented using the throttle middleware. 1. Basic throttling can be applied directly in routes with syntax like 'throttle:5,1', allowing 5 requests per minute. 2. For more control, named rate limiters are defined in RouteServiceProvider, enabling dynamic rules based on user roles or IP addresses. 3. Custom responses for rate limit exceedance require exception handling or middleware extension. 4. Rate limit counters are tracked via the cache system, so clearing the cache resets the count. 5. Proper production setup includes configuring Redis timeouts, monitoring memory, and setting up failover mechanisms.
If you're using Laravel and want to prevent users from making too many requests in a short time, rate limiting is the way to go. Laravel has built-in support for this, and it’s pretty straightforward to set up — especially if you’re using the default throttle middleware.
Basic Throttling with Middleware
Laravel's throttle middleware lets you limit how many times a route or group of routes can be accessed within a certain number of minutes. This is commonly used on login or registration routes to prevent brute-force attacks.
You can apply it directly in your routes like this:
Route::middleware('throttle:5,1')->group(function () {
Route::post('/login', [AuthController::class, 'login']);
});In this example, the user can only make 5 requests per minute (60 seconds). If they exceed that, Laravel will return a 429 Too Many Requests response.
You can adjust those numbers as needed. For example, throttle:30,1 would allow 30 requests per minute.
Using Named Rate Limiters for More Control
Sometimes you need more flexibility — maybe different routes have different limits, or you want to base the limit on something like user roles or API keys. That’s where named rate limiters come in handy.
You define them in App\Providers\RouteServiceProvider, inside the configureRateLimiting method. Here's an example:
use Illuminate\Cache\RateLimiting\Limit;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\RateLimiter;
RateLimiter::for('api', function ($request) {
return Limit::perMinute(60)->by(optional($request->user())->id ?: $request->ip());
});Then, in your route file:
Route::middleware('throttle:api')->group(function () {
Route::get('/data', [DataController::class, 'index']);
});This gives you a central place to manage rate limits and makes it easier to reuse across multiple routes. You can also use closures to create dynamic rules based on request data.
Customize Response and Clearing Limits
By default, when someone hits the rate limit, Laravel returns a JSON response like this:
{
"message": "Too Many Attempts."
}But what if you want to customize that? You can’t do it directly through the throttle middleware, but you can extend it or catch the exception manually.
Also, keep in mind that Laravel uses the cache system to track attempts. So if you're testing locally or debugging, remember to clear the cache if you want to reset the counter:
- For Redis: flush it or delete the specific key.
- For other drivers like file or database: try
php artisan cache:clear.
And don’t forget — if you're using something like Redis, make sure it’s configured correctly in production.
- Set appropriate timeouts
- Monitor memory usage
- Make sure failover mechanisms are in place if needed
That’s the core of setting up rate limiting in Laravel. It's not complicated, but there are enough moving parts — like cache drivers and custom responses — that it's easy to miss a small detail.
The above is the detailed content of How to implement rate limiting on Laravel routes?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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